Atkins, (The Hub) 500 Park Avenue, Aztec West, Almondsbury, Bristol, BS32 4RZ, UK; Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, Carrer Emili Grahit 101, Girona, E-17003, Spain.
Centre for Water Systems, College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
Water Res. 2017 May 15;115:149-161. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.02.047. Epub 2017 Feb 20.
Government bodies, utilities, practitioners, and researchers have growing interest in the incorporation of resilience into wastewater management. Since resilience is a multidisciplinary term, it is important to review what has been achieved in the wastewater sector, and describe the future research directions for the forthcoming years. This work presents a critical review of studies that deal with resilience in the wastewater treatment sector, with a special focus on understanding how they addressed the key elements for assessing resilience, such as stressors, system properties, metrics and interventions to increase resilience. The results showed that only 17 peer-reviewed papers and 6 relevant reports, a small subset of the work in wastewater research, directly addressed resilience. The lack of consensus in the definition of resilience, and the elements of a resilience assessment, is hindering the implementation of resilience in wastewater management. To date, no framework for resilience assessment is complete, comprehensive or directly applicable to practitioners; current examples are lacking key elements (e.g. a comprehensive study of stressors, properties and metrics, examples of cases study, ability to benchmark interventions or connectivity with broader frameworks). Furthermore, resilience is seen as an additional cost or extra effort, instead of a means to overcome project uncertainty that could unlock new opportunities for investment.
政府机构、公用事业、从业者和研究人员越来越关注将弹性纳入废水管理。由于弹性是一个多学科术语，因此重要的是要回顾在废水领域已经取得的成就，并描述未来几年的研究方向。这项工作对处理废水处理领域弹性的研究进行了批判性回顾，特别关注了解它们如何解决评估弹性的关键要素，例如压力源、系统特性、弹性度量和干预措施。结果表明，只有 17 篇同行评议论文和 6 份相关报告，这是废水研究工作的一小部分，直接涉及弹性。对弹性定义和弹性评估要素缺乏共识，阻碍了弹性在废水管理中的实施。迄今为止，还没有一个完整、全面或直接适用于从业者的弹性评估框架；目前的例子缺少关键要素（例如压力源、属性和度量的综合研究、案例研究的例子、干预措施的基准测试能力或与更广泛框架的连接）。此外，弹性被视为额外的成本或额外的努力，而不是克服项目不确定性的手段，这种不确定性可能为投资带来新的机会。
