Aisbett Brad, Condo Dominique, Zacharewicz Evelyn, Lamon Séverine
School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong 3220, Australia.
Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (I-PAN), Deakin University, Geelong 3220, Australia.
Nutrients. 2017 Mar 8;9(3):248. doi: 10.3390/nu9030248.
(1) Background: About one in four workers undertake shift rosters that fall outside the traditional 7 a.m.-6 p.m. scheduling. Shiftwork alters workers' exposure to natural and artificial light, sleep patterns, and feeding patterns. When compared to the rest of the working population, shiftworkers are at a greater risk of developing metabolic impairments over time. One fundamental component of metabolic health is skeletal muscle, the largest organ in the body. However, cause-and-effect relationships between shiftwork and skeletal muscle health have not been established; (2) Methods: A critical review of the literature was completed using online databases and reference lists; (3) Results: We propose a conceptual model drawing relationships between typical shiftwork consequences; altered light exposure, sleep patterns, and food and beverage consumption, and drivers of skeletal muscle health-protein intake, resistance training, and hormone release. At present, there is no study investigating the direct effect of shiftwork on skeletal muscle health. Instead, research findings showing that acute consequences of shiftwork negatively influence skeletal muscle homeostasis support the validity of our model; (4) Conclusion: Further research is required to test the potential relationships identified in our review, particularly in shiftwork populations. Part of this testing could include skeletal muscle specific interventions such as targeted protein intake and/or resistance-training.
（1）背景：约四分之一的工人从事的轮班安排超出了传统的上午7点至下午6点的工作时间范围。轮班工作会改变工人对自然光和人造光的接触、睡眠模式以及饮食模式。与其他在职人群相比，随着时间的推移，轮班工人患代谢障碍的风险更高。代谢健康的一个基本组成部分是骨骼肌，它是人体最大的器官。然而，轮班工作与骨骼肌健康之间的因果关系尚未确立；（2）方法：通过在线数据库和参考文献列表对文献进行了批判性综述；（3）结果：我们提出了一个概念模型，描绘了典型轮班工作后果之间的关系；光照暴露改变、睡眠模式以及食物和饮料摄入，以及骨骼肌健康的驱动因素——蛋白质摄入、阻力训练和激素释放。目前，尚无研究调查轮班工作对骨骼肌健康的直接影响。相反，研究结果表明轮班工作的急性后果会对骨骼肌内环境稳定产生负面影响，这支持了我们模型的有效性；（4）结论：需要进一步研究来检验我们综述中确定的潜在关系，特别是在轮班工作人群中。这种测试的一部分可以包括针对骨骼肌的干预措施，如靶向蛋白质摄入和/或阻力训练。
