Manigrasso Maurizio, Natale Claudio, Vitali Matteo, Protano Carmela, Avino Pasquale
Department of Technological Innovations, National Institute for Insurance against Accidents at Work, Research Area, via Roberto Ferruzzi 38/40, I-00143 Rome, Italy.
Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2017 Mar 9;14(3):288. doi: 10.3390/ijerph14030288.
Particulate matter has recently received more attention than other pollutants. PM10 and PM2.5 have been primarily monitored, whereas scientists are focusing their studies on finer granulometric sizes due both to their high number concentration and their high penetration efficiency into the respiratory system. The purpose of this study is to investigate the population exposure to UltraFine Particles (UFP, submicrons in general) in outdoor environments. The particle number doses deposited into the respiratory system have been compared between healthy individuals and persons affected by Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Measurements were performed by means of Dust Track and Nanoscan analyzers. Forty minute walking trails through areas with different traffic densities in downtown Rome have been considered. Furthermore, particle respiratory doses have been estimated for persons waiting at a bus stop, near a traffic light, or along a high-traffic road, as currently occurs in a big city. Large differences have been observed between workdays and weekdays: on workdays, UFP number concentrations are much higher due to the strong contribution of vehicular exhausts. COPD-affected individuals receive greater doses than healthy individuals due to their higher respiratory rate.
颗粒物最近比其他污染物受到了更多关注。人们主要监测了PM10和PM2.5，而科学家们正将研究重点放在粒度更细的颗粒上，这是因为它们数量浓度高且对呼吸系统的穿透效率高。本研究的目的是调查室外环境中人群对超细颗粒物（一般指亚微米级颗粒）的暴露情况。比较了健康个体和慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者呼吸系统中沉积的颗粒数剂量。测量是通过Dust Track和Nanoscan分析仪进行的。考虑了在罗马市中心不同交通密度区域进行的40分钟步行路径。此外，还对在公交站、交通信号灯附近或交通繁忙道路沿线等待的人员的颗粒呼吸剂量进行了估算，大城市目前就是这种情况。工作日和非工作日之间观察到了很大差异：在工作日，由于车辆尾气的强烈影响，超细颗粒物的数量浓度要高得多。慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者由于呼吸频率较高，比健康个体接受的剂量更大。
