Harber Matthew P, Kaminsky Leonard A, Arena Ross, Blair Steven N, Franklin Barry A, Myers Jonathan, Ross Robert
Clinical Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, United States.
Clinical Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, United States; Fisher Institute of Health and Well-Being, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, United States.
Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2017 Jun-Jul;60(1):11-20. doi: 10.1016/j.pcad.2017.03.001. Epub 2017 Mar 9.
Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) has been one of the most widely examined physiological variables, particularly as it relates to functional capacity and human performance. Over the past three decades, CRF has emerged as a strong, independent predictor of all-cause and disease-specific mortality. The evidence supporting the prognostic use of CRF is so powerful that the American Heart Association recently advocated for the routine assessment of CRF as a clinical vital sign. Interestingly, the continuity of evidence of the inverse relationship between CRF and mortality over the past decade exists despite a wide variation of methods used to assess CRF in these studies, ranging from the gold-standard method of directly measured maximal oxygen uptake (VO) during cardiopulmonary exercise testing to estimation from exercise tests and non-exercise prediction equations. This review highlights new knowledge and the primary advances since 2009, with specific reference to the impact variations in CRF have on all-cause and disease-specific mortality.
心肺适能（CRF）一直是研究最为广泛的生理变量之一，尤其是在其与功能能力和人类表现的关系方面。在过去三十年中，心肺适能已成为全因死亡率和特定疾病死亡率的有力独立预测指标。支持将心肺适能用于预后评估的证据非常有力，以至于美国心脏协会最近主张将心肺适能的常规评估作为一项临床生命体征。有趣的是，尽管在这些研究中用于评估心肺适能的方法差异很大，从心肺运动测试中直接测量最大摄氧量（VO）的金标准方法到通过运动测试和非运动预测方程进行估算，但在过去十年中，心肺适能与死亡率之间反比关系的证据仍具有连续性。本综述重点介绍了自2009年以来的新知识和主要进展，特别提及心肺适能变化对全因死亡率和特定疾病死亡率的影响。
