AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland.
Environ Geochem Health. 2018 Feb;40(1):473-488. doi: 10.1007/s10653-017-9934-5. Epub 2017 Mar 14.
The authors present the results of chemical and mineralogical analyses of urban dusts collected in the spring seasons of 2015 and 2016 in three different parks of the Cracow agglomeration. The parks are located in the city centre, in the Nowa Huta industrial district and in a new housing development situated around 9 km west of the city centre. Mineralogical instrumental analyses included the SEM, FTIR and XRD methods and revealed that the dusts of Cracow are highly amorphous and contain significant amounts of hydrocarbons, whereas quartz, feldspars, kaolinite and gypsum are their crystalline phases. Chemical analyses were carried out using the ICP-MS method on aqua regia extracts of the starting samples. The contents of selected toxic elements are: As 5-123; Cd 1-14; Pb 56-258; Zn 486-1891 mg/kg and Fe 0.74-4.02 wt%. The health risk of these elements imposed on the residents of Cracow frequently visiting the three urban parks was assessed on the basis of the health quotient index HQ. At its values exceeding 1, adverse health effects are probable in humans. The HQ values calculated for As and Tl contained in the Cracow Park dusts in the case of adults are 3.42E-01 and 3.00E-01, respectively. They are significantly higher (one order of magnitude) in the case of children 3.19E+00 and 2.27E+00, respectively.
作者展示了 2015 年和 2016 年春季在克拉科夫城市群三个不同公园采集的城市灰尘的化学和矿物学分析结果。这些公园分别位于市中心、新哈图工业区和市中心以西约 9 公里的新住宅区。矿物学仪器分析包括 SEM、FTIR 和 XRD 方法，结果表明克拉科夫的灰尘高度无定形，含有大量碳氢化合物，而石英、长石、高岭土和石膏是其结晶相。化学分析是使用 ICP-MS 方法对起始样品的王水提取物进行的。选定的有毒元素含量为：As 5-123；Cd 1-14；Pb 56-258；Zn 486-1891mg/kg 和 Fe 0.74-4.02wt%。根据健康商数指数 HQ，评估了这些元素对经常光顾三个城市公园的克拉科夫居民造成的健康风险。当 HQ 值超过 1 时，人类可能会出现不良健康影响。对于成年人来说，克拉科夫公园灰尘中所含的 As 和 Tl 的 HQ 值分别为 3.42E-01 和 3.00E-01。对于儿童，HQ 值分别为 3.19E+00 和 2.27E+00，分别高了一个数量级。
