Rahman Md Ramim Tanver, Lou Zaixiang, Zhang Jun, Yu Fuhao, Timilsena Yakindra Prasad, Zhang Caili, Zhang Yi, Bakry Amr M
1 State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Technology Center of Bright Dairy and Food Company Ltd., Shanghai 200436, People's Republic of China.
2 State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China.
J Food Prot. 2017 Apr;80(4):645-653. doi: 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-16-294.
Bacteria use quorum sensing (QS) systems to communicate with each other and regulate microbial group behavior, such as the secretion of virulence factors, including biofilm formation. In order to explore safe, edible agents, the potential of star anise (SA) as an anti-QS and antibiofilm agent and its possible application in milk safety were investigated. Staphylococcus aureus , Salmonella Typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa , and biosensor strain Chromobacterium violaceum were selected as test strains for QS, biofilm, and exopolysaccharide assays. The percent acidities and total plate counts were determined to evaluate the quality of biofilm-inoculated and noninoculated milk. The yield of SA extraction was 25.90% ± 0.2% (w/w). At sub-MIC, SA extract did not show any effect on bacterial growth. The production of violacein was inhibited by 89% by SA extract. The extract also inhibited the formation of biofilm by up to 87% in a dose-dependent manner. Inhibition rates of 70.45%, 42.82%, and 35.66% were found for exopolysaccharide production. The swarming motility of S. aureus was reduced by about 95.9% by SA extract. Confocal laser scanning microscopy analysis confirmed that the development of biofilm architecture was hampered. It was found that SA extract could delay the spoilage of milk. In the endeavor to avoid drug resistance, pathogenesis, and resistance to biocides while improving food safety and avoiding health hazard issues arising from synthetic chemicals, SA extract could be used as a potential QS and biofilm inhibitor.
细菌利用群体感应（QS）系统相互交流并调节微生物群体行为，如毒力因子的分泌，包括生物膜形成。为了探索安全的可食用制剂，研究了八角茴香（SA）作为抗群体感应和抗生物膜剂的潜力及其在牛奶安全中的可能应用。选择金黄色葡萄球菌、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌、铜绿假单胞菌和生物传感器菌株紫色杆菌作为群体感应、生物膜和胞外多糖测定的测试菌株。测定酸度百分比和总平板计数以评估接种生物膜和未接种生物膜的牛奶质量。SA提取物的产率为25.90%±0.2%（w/w）。在亚最小抑菌浓度下，SA提取物对细菌生长没有任何影响。SA提取物抑制紫色菌素的产生达89%。该提取物还以剂量依赖的方式抑制生物膜形成达87%。胞外多糖产生的抑制率分别为70.45%、42.82%和35.66%。SA提取物使金黄色葡萄球菌的群游运动性降低约95.9%。共聚焦激光扫描显微镜分析证实生物膜结构的发育受到阻碍。研究发现SA提取物可以延缓牛奶的变质。为了避免耐药性、致病性和对杀菌剂的抗性，同时提高食品安全并避免合成化学品引起的健康危害问题，SA提取物可作为一种潜在的群体感应和生物膜抑制剂。
