Kumar Anand, Yadav Nirma, Singh Shipra, Chauhan Neha
Department of Dental Surgery, Moti Lal Nehru Medical College, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Department of Periodontics, Pacific Dental College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Ann Maxillofac Surg. 2016 Jul-Dec;6(2):159-164. doi: 10.4103/2231-0746.200348.
Endoscopic or minimally invasive surgery popular as keyhole surgery is a medical procedure in which endoscope (a camera) is used, and it has gained broad acceptance with popularity in several surgical specialties and has heightened the standard of care. Oral and maxillofacial surgery is a modern discipline in the field of dentistry in which endoscopy has developed as well as widely used in surgeries and is rapidly gaining importance. The use of different visual as well as standard instruments such as laparoscopic and endoscopic instruments, and high-powered magnification devices, has allowed physicians to decrease the morbidity of many surgical procedures by eliminating the need for a large surgical incision. Minimally invasive techniques have evolved through the development of surgical microscopes equipped with a camera to get visual images for maxillofacial surgeries, endodontic procedures, and periodontal surgical procedures. Nevertheless, current experiences and reviewing the literature have intimated that the use of endoscopes, as in different minimally invasive methods, may permit complicated surgeries with less complications, for example, in reconstruction of facial fractures through smaller incisions with less extensive exposure.
内镜手术或作为微创手术而广为人知的锁孔手术，是一种使用内窥镜（一种摄像头）的医疗程序，它在多个外科专科中已获得广泛认可并日益普及，还提升了医疗护理标准。口腔颌面外科是牙科学领域中的一门现代学科，内窥镜技术在其中得到了发展，并广泛应用于手术中，且正迅速变得重要起来。使用不同的视觉以及标准器械，如腹腔镜和内窥镜器械以及高倍放大设备，使医生能够通过无需做大的手术切口来降低许多手术的发病率。微创技术通过配备摄像头的手术显微镜的发展而得以演进，以便获取颌面外科手术、牙髓治疗程序和牙周外科手术的视觉图像。然而，目前的经验以及对文献的回顾表明，如同在不同的微创方法中那样，使用内窥镜可能使复杂手术的并发症更少，例如，通过较小切口、较少广泛暴露来进行面部骨折重建。
