Jalkanen H, Lindi V, Schwab U, Kiiskinen S, Venäläinen T, Karhunen L, Lakka T A, Eloranta A M
Institute of Biomedicine, Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
Institute of Biomedicine, Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
Appetite. 2017 Jul 1;114:28-37. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2017.03.011. Epub 2017 Mar 15.
The association between eating behaviour and dietary factors has been studied narrowly in children. Therefore, we investigated whether eating frequency and food consumption are influenced by eating behaviour in a population sample of 406 children aged 6-8 years. We assessed features of eating behaviour by the Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire and dietary factors by a 4-day food record. The results showed that enjoyment of food was directly associated with a number of main meals (p = 0.041) and consumption of vegetables (p = 0.041), cheese (p = 0.005), and meat (p = 0.002). Food responsiveness was directly associated with consumption of fruit and berries (p = 0.013) and meat (p = 0.016). Desire to drink was directly associated with consumption of fat-containing milk (p = 0.002) and inversely associated with consumption of skimmed milk (p = 0.001). Food fussiness was inversely associated with a number of main meals (p = 0.013) and consumption of vegetables (p < 0.001), cheese (p = 0.001), and meat (p = 0.027). Satiety responsiveness was inversely associated with consumption of vegetables (p = 0.031), cheese (p = 0.010), and meat (p < 0.001) and directly associated with consumption of candies and chocolate (p = 0.026). Slowness in eating was inversely associated with consumption of meat (p = 0.018). Where sex differences existed the associations tended to be observed mostly in girls but not in boys. Our study shows that enjoyment of food and food responsiveness are directly associated with consumption of protein-rich foods and vegetables, fruit and berries, whereas food fussiness and satiety responsiveness are inversely associated with consumption of these foods. Assessment of eating behaviour can help in identifying children with various dietary needs.
在儿童中，饮食行为与饮食因素之间的关联研究较为有限。因此，我们调查了406名6至8岁儿童的群体样本中，进食频率和食物摄入量是否受饮食行为的影响。我们通过儿童饮食行为问卷评估饮食行为特征，通过4天的食物记录评估饮食因素。结果显示，对食物的喜爱与主餐次数（p = 0.041）、蔬菜摄入量（p = 0.041）、奶酪摄入量（p = 0.005）和肉类摄入量（p = 0.002）直接相关。食物反应性与水果和浆果摄入量（p = 0.013）和肉类摄入量（p = 0.016）直接相关。口渴欲望与全脂牛奶摄入量直接相关（p = 0.002），与脱脂牛奶摄入量呈负相关（p = 0.001）。挑食与主餐次数（p = 0.013）、蔬菜摄入量（p < 0.001）、奶酪摄入量（p = 0.001）和肉类摄入量（p = 0.027）呈负相关。饱腹感反应与蔬菜摄入量（p = 0.031）、奶酪摄入量（p = 0.010）和肉类摄入量（p < 0.001）呈负相关，与糖果和巧克力摄入量直接相关（p = 0.026）。进食速度慢与肉类摄入量呈负相关（p = 0.018）。在存在性别差异的情况下，这种关联大多在女孩中观察到，而在男孩中未观察到。我们的研究表明，对食物的喜爱和食物反应性与富含蛋白质的食物以及蔬菜、水果和浆果的摄入量直接相关，而挑食和饱腹感反应与这些食物的摄入量呈负相关。评估饮食行为有助于识别有不同饮食需求的儿童。
