The effects of dietary approaches to stop hypertension diet on weight loss, anti-Müllerian hormone and metabolic profiles in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A randomized clinical trial.

OBJECTIVE

This study was designed to evaluate the effects of the dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH diet) on weight loss, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and metabolic profiles in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

DESIGN, PATIENTS AND MEASUREMENTS: A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted among 60 overweight or obese patients with PCOS. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either low-calorie DASH (N=30) or control diet (N=30) for 12 weeks. The DASH and control diets were consisted of 52%-55% carbohydrates, 16%-18% proteins and 30% total fats; however, the DASH diet was designed to be rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, low-fat dairy products, cholesterol and refined grains. Both diets were equicaloric.

RESULTS

Adherence to the DASH diet, compared to the control diet, resulted in a significant decrease in BMI (-1.6±0.5 vs -1.2±0.7 kg/m , P=.02). Significant decreases in AMH (-1.1±3.1 vs +0.3±0.7 ng/mL, P=.01), insulin (-25.2±51.0 vs -1.2±28.8 pmol/L, P=.02), homoeostasis model of assessment-estimated insulin resistance (-0.9±2.0 vs -0.1±1.0, P=.02), free androgen index (FAI; -0.03±0.09 vs +0.06±0.21, P=.02) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (-0.5±0.4 vs +0.2±0.3 μmol/L, P<.001), and significant increases in quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (+0.01±0.03 vs -0.004±0.01, P=.02), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG; +3.7±8.5 vs -1.5±7.2 nmol/L, P=.01) and nitric oxide (NO; +9.0±4.9 vs +0.6±2.3 μmol/L, P<.001) were also seen in the DASH group compared with the control group.

CONCLUSIONS

Adherence to the DASH diet for 12 weeks among PCOS women had beneficial effects on BMI, AMH, insulin metabolism, SHBG, FAI, NO and MDA levels.