Discipline of Neuroscience and Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Department of Clinical Medicine, Research-Based Learning training program (RBL2015-29), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
CNS Neurosci Ther. 2017 Jul;23(7):547-553. doi: 10.1111/cns.12690. Epub 2017 Mar 19.
Recent studies have shown that a widely distributed class of glial cells, termed NG2-glia, engages in rapid signaling with surrounding neurons through direct synaptic contacts in the developing and mature central nervous system (CNS). This unique glial cell group has a typical function of proliferating and differentiating into oligodendrocytes during early development of the brain, which is crucial to axon myelin formation. Therefore, NG2-glia are also called oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). In vitro and in vivo studies reveal that NG2-glia expressing receptors and ion channels demonstrate functional significance for rapid signaling with neuronal synapses and modulation of neuronal activities in both physiological and pathological conditions. Although it is well known that NG2-glia play an important role in demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis, little is known about how NG2-glia or OPCs impact neurons and brain function following ischemic injury. This review summarizes recent progress on the roles of NG2-glia in ischemic stroke and illustrates new approaches for targeting NG2-glia in the brain to treat this disease.
最近的研究表明，一类广泛分布的神经胶质细胞，称为 NG2 胶质细胞，通过在发育和成熟中枢神经系统 (CNS) 中的直接突触接触，与周围神经元进行快速信号传递。这群独特的神经胶质细胞在大脑早期发育过程中有一个典型的功能，即增殖并分化为少突胶质细胞，这对轴突髓鞘形成至关重要。因此，NG2 胶质细胞也被称为少突胶质前体细胞 (OPC)。体外和体内研究表明，表达受体和离子通道的 NG2 胶质细胞在与神经元突触的快速信号传递以及在生理和病理条件下调节神经元活动方面具有功能意义。尽管众所周知，NG2 胶质细胞在多发性硬化等脱髓鞘疾病中发挥重要作用，但对于 NG2 胶质细胞或 OPC 对缺血性损伤后神经元和大脑功能的影响知之甚少。本综述总结了 NG2 胶质细胞在缺血性中风中的作用的最新进展，并说明了针对大脑中的 NG2 胶质细胞来治疗这种疾病的新方法。
