Conroy Tiffany
School of Nursing, University of Adelaide, Australia.
Nurse Res. 2017 Mar 22;24(4):10-14. doi: 10.7748/nr.2017.e1472.
Background Observation is mentioned in most ethnographic textbooks, but specific details about how it should be conducted and the practicalities to be considered in ethnographic nursing research are not always explicit. This paper explores the experiences of and challenges faced by a novice nurse researcher who used observation to collect data. Aim To provide a novice researcher's perspective of observation in ethnographic nursing research and to highlight the associated challenges. Discussion Challenges that arose in observation began with determining which perspective to take, followed by rehearsing observation, developing and maintaining a constructive relationship with the observation site, being aware of the influence of the observer, managing interactions between the observed and the observer, and responding to ethical issues. Conclusion Novice nurse researchers considering using observation to collect data should be aware of the potential challenges they might encounter. Implications for practice The information presented in this paper will enable novice researchers to anticipate these issues and develop strategies to prevent or address them.
背景 在大多数民族志教科书中都提到了观察，但关于如何进行观察以及民族志护理研究中应考虑的实际情况的具体细节并不总是明确的。本文探讨了一位新手护士研究者在使用观察法收集数据时的经历和面临的挑战。目的 提供新手研究者对民族志护理研究中观察法的观点，并突出相关挑战。讨论 观察中出现的挑战始于确定采取哪种视角，接着是预演观察、与观察场所建立并维持建设性关系、意识到观察者的影响、管理被观察者与观察者之间的互动以及应对伦理问题。结论 考虑使用观察法收集数据的新手护士研究者应意识到他们可能遇到的潜在挑战。对实践的启示 本文提供的信息将使新手研究者能够预见这些问题并制定预防或解决这些问题的策略。
