Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco.
California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2018 Mar 2;73(3):374-379. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glx014.
Despite the widespread belief that napping is common among older adults, little is known about the correlates of napping. We examined the prevalence and correlates of self-reported and objectively measured napping among very old women.
We studied 2,675 community-dwelling women (mean age 84.5 ± 3.7 years; range 79-96). Self-reported napping was defined as a report of regular napping for ≥1 hour per day. Individual objective naps were defined as ≥5 consecutive minutes of inactivity as measured by actigraphy and women were characterized as "objective nappers" if they had at least 60 minutes of naps per day.
Seven percent of the women only had self-reported napping, 29% only had objective napping, and 14% met the criteria for both. Multinomial logistic regression showed that the independent correlates of "both subjective and objective napping" were age (per 5 year odds ratio [OR] = 1.59; 95% CI: 1.31-1.93), depressive symptoms (per SD of score, OR = 1.53; 1.32-1.77), obesity (OR =1.93; 1.42-2.61), current smoking (OR = 3.37; 1.56-7.30), heavier alcohol drinking (OR = 0.49; 0.34-0.71), history of stroke (OR = 1.56; 1.08-2.26), diabetes (OR = 2.40; 1.61-3.57), dementia (OR = 3.31; 1.27-8.62), and Parkinson's disease (OR = 7.43; 1.87-29.50). Besides, having objective napping alone was associated with age and diabetes, whereas subjective napping was associated with stroke and myocardial infarction. These associations were independent of nighttime sleep duration and fragmentation.
Daytime napping is very common in women living in their ninth decade and both subjective and objective napping were significantly related to age and comorbidities. Future studies are needed to better understand napping and its health implications.
尽管普遍认为老年人经常小睡，但对于小睡的相关因素知之甚少。我们研究了非常老年女性中自我报告和客观测量的小睡的患病率和相关因素。
我们研究了 2675 名居住在社区的女性（平均年龄 84.5±3.7 岁；范围 79-96 岁）。自我报告的小睡定义为每天定期小睡≥1 小时。个体客观小睡定义为通过活动记录仪测量的≥5 分钟连续不活动，并且如果女性每天的小睡时间至少为 60 分钟，则将其描述为“客观小睡者”。
7%的女性仅报告有小睡，29%的女性仅报告有客观小睡，14%的女性同时符合这两种标准。多项逻辑回归显示，“既有主观小睡又有客观小睡”的独立相关因素为年龄（每增加 5 岁的优势比[OR]为 1.59；95%CI：1.31-1.93）、抑郁症状（每 SD 评分，OR=1.53；1.32-1.77）、肥胖（OR=1.93；1.42-2.61）、当前吸烟（OR=3.37；1.56-7.30）、重度饮酒（OR=0.49；0.34-0.71）、中风史（OR=1.56；1.08-2.26）、糖尿病（OR=2.40；1.61-3.57）、痴呆症（OR=3.31；1.27-8.62）和帕金森病（OR=7.43；1.87-29.50）。此外，仅进行客观小睡与年龄和糖尿病有关，而主观小睡则与中风和心肌梗死有关。这些关联独立于夜间睡眠时间和碎片化。
在 90 多岁的女性中，白天小睡非常普遍，主观和客观小睡都与年龄和合并症密切相关。需要进一步的研究来更好地了解小睡及其对健康的影响。
