Henshall David C
Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.
Epilepsy Curr. 2017 Jan-Feb;17(1):43-47. doi: 10.5698/1535-7511-17.1.43.
MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that work posttranscriptionally to negatively regulate protein levels. They influence neuronal and glial structure and function, neuroinflammatory signaling, cell death, neurogenesis, and other processes relevant to epileptogenesis. Functional studies using oligonucleotide inhibitors (antagomirs) and mimics (agomirs) to modulate microRNAs in rat and mouse models of epilepsy show effects on evoked and spontaneous seizures and attendant neuropathology. The present review summarizes recent findings and points to gaps in our knowledge of the underlying mechanisms and directions for the future.
微小RNA是一类小的非编码RNA，它们在转录后发挥作用，对蛋白质水平进行负调控。它们影响神经元和神经胶质细胞的结构与功能、神经炎症信号传导、细胞死亡、神经发生以及其他与癫痫发生相关的过程。在大鼠和小鼠癫痫模型中，使用寡核苷酸抑制剂（抗微小RNA）和模拟物（微小RNA激动剂）调节微小RNA的功能研究表明，其对诱发性和自发性癫痫发作以及伴随的神经病理学有影响。本综述总结了最近的研究发现，并指出了我们在潜在机制知识方面的差距以及未来的研究方向。
