Carbonneau Élise, Royer Marie-Michelle, Richard Caroline, Couture Patrick, Desroches Sophie, Lemieux Simone, Lamarche Benoît
Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, 2440 Hochelaga Boulevard, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, 410 Agriculture/Forestry Centre, Edmonton, AL T6G 2P5, Canada.
Nutrients. 2017 Mar 19;9(3):305. doi: 10.3390/nu9030305.
The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) consumed before and after weight loss on eating behavioral traits as measured by the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ) in men with metabolic syndrome (MetS). In this fixed sequence study, 19 men with MetS (National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATPIII) criteria), aged between 24 and 62 years, first consumed a five-week standardized North American control diet followed by a five-week MedDiet, both under weight-maintaining controlled-feeding conditions. This was followed by a 20-week caloric restriction weight loss period in free-living conditions, without specific recommendations towards adhering to the principles of the MedDiet. Participants were finally subjected to a final five-week MedDiet phase under isoenergetic controlled-feeding conditions. The MedDiet before weight loss had no impact on eating behavioral traits. Body weight reduction by caloric restriction (-10.2% of initial weight) was associated with increased cognitive restraint ( < 0.0001) and with reduced disinhibition ( = 0.02) and susceptibility to hunger ( = 0.01). Feeding the MedDiet for five weeks under isoenergetic conditions after the weight loss phase had no further impact on eating behavioral traits. Results of this controlled-feeding study suggest that consumption of the MedDiet per se has no effect on eating behavioral traits as measured by TFEQ, unless it is combined with significant weight loss.
本研究的目的是调查在体重减轻前后摄入地中海饮食（MedDiet）对代谢综合征（MetS）男性的饮食行为特征的影响，这些特征通过三因素饮食问卷（TFEQ）进行测量。在这项固定顺序研究中，19名符合MetS标准（美国国家胆固醇教育计划成人治疗小组第三次报告（NCEP-ATPIII）标准）、年龄在24至62岁之间的男性，首先在维持体重的控制喂养条件下食用为期五周的标准化北美对照饮食，随后食用为期五周的MedDiet。接下来是在自由生活条件下进行的为期20周的热量限制减肥期，期间没有关于遵循MedDiet原则的具体建议。参与者最后在等能量控制喂养条件下接受为期五周的最终MedDiet阶段。减肥前的MedDiet对饮食行为特征没有影响。通过热量限制减轻体重（初始体重的-10.2%）与认知抑制增加（<0.0001）、去抑制减少（=0.02）和饥饿易感性降低（=0.01）相关。在减肥阶段后，在等能量条件下喂养五周的MedDiet对饮食行为特征没有进一步影响。这项控制喂养研究的结果表明，MedDiet本身对通过TFEQ测量的饮食行为特征没有影响，除非它与显著的体重减轻相结合。
