Sawni Anju, Breuner Cora Collette
Department of Pediatrics, Hurley Children's Hospital/Hurley Medical Center, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Flint, MI 48503, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine Division and Department of Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.
Children (Basel). 2017 Mar 24;4(4):19. doi: 10.3390/children4040019.
Mind-body medicine is a system of health practices that includes meditation/relaxation training, guided imagery, hypnosis, biofeedback, yoga, art/music therapy, prayer, t'ai chi, and psychological therapies such as cognitive behavioral therapy. Clinical hypnosis is an important mind-body tool that serves as an adjunct to conventional medical care for the adolescent patient. Clinical hypnosis specifically uses self-directed therapeutic suggestions to cultivate the imagination and facilitate the mind-body connection, leading to positive emotional and physical well-being. There are many similarities between clinical hypnosis and other mind-body/self-regulatory modalities such as visual imagery, mindfulness meditation, yoga, and biofeedback that incorporate experiential learning and mechanisms for change. They may be viewed as subtypes of the hypnotic experience and share the common experience of trance as the entrée into self-empowered change in physiologic and psychological states. Clinical hypnosis can be used by health care providers to teach adolescents coping skills to deal with a wide variety of conditions such as chronic headaches, recurrent abdominal pain, anxiety, depression, grief and bereavement, phobias, anger, family stressors, sleep disorders, or enuresis. Clinical vignettes are given to help illustrate the effectiveness of hypnosis in adolescents.
身心医学是一个健康实践体系，包括冥想/放松训练、引导式意象、催眠、生物反馈、瑜伽、艺术/音乐疗法、祈祷、太极拳以及诸如认知行为疗法等心理疗法。临床催眠是一种重要的身心工具，可作为青少年患者常规医疗护理的辅助手段。临床催眠特别运用自我引导的治疗性暗示来培养想象力并促进身心联系，从而带来积极的情绪和身体健康。临床催眠与其他身心/自我调节方式（如视觉意象、正念冥想、瑜伽和生物反馈）有许多相似之处，这些方式都包含体验式学习和改变机制。它们可被视为催眠体验的子类型，并共享恍惚这一共同体验，作为进入生理和心理状态自我赋能改变的入口。医疗保健提供者可使用临床催眠来教授青少年应对技巧，以应对多种状况，如慢性头痛、复发性腹痛、焦虑、抑郁、悲伤与丧亲之痛、恐惧症、愤怒、家庭压力源、睡眠障碍或遗尿症。文中给出了临床案例来说明催眠对青少年的有效性。
