de la Cruz M L, Conrado I, Nault A, Perez A, Dominguez L, Alvarez J
Centro de Vigilancia Sanitaria Veterinaria VISAVET, Universidad Complutense, Avenida de Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040Madrid, Spain.
Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, 1971 Commonwealth Ave, St Paul, MN 55108, USA.
Res Vet Sci. 2017 Oct;114:86-94. doi: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2017.03.005. Epub 2017 Mar 11.
Consumption or handling of improperly processed or cooked pork is considered one of the top sources for foodborne salmonellosis, a common cause of intestinal disease worldwide. Asymptomatic carrier pigs may contaminate pork at slaughtering; therefore, pre-harvest reduction of Salmonella load can contribute to reduce public health risk. Multiple studies have evaluated the impact of vaccination on controlling Salmonella in swine farms, but results are highly variable due to the heterogeneity in vaccines and vaccination protocols. Here, we report the results of an inclusive systematic review and a meta-analysis of the peer-reviewed scientific literature to provide updated knowledge on the potential effectiveness of Salmonella vaccination. A total of 126 articles describing the use of Salmonella vaccines in swine were identified, of which 44 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Most of the studies (36/44) used live vaccines, and S. Typhimurium and S. Choleraesuis were the predominant serotypes evaluated. Vaccine efficacy was most often measured through bacteriological isolation, and pooled estimates of vaccine efficacy were obtained as the difference in the percentage of positive animals when available. Attenuated and inactivated vaccines had similar efficacy [Risk Difference=-26.8% (-33.8, -19.71) and -29.5% (-44.4, -14.5), respectively]. No serotype effect was observed on the efficacy recorded for attenuated vaccines; however, a higher efficacy of inactivated vaccines against S. Choleraesuis was observed, though in a reduced sample. Results from the meta-analysis here demonstrate the impact that vaccination may have on the control of Salmonella in swine farms and could help in the design of programs to minimize the risk of transmission of certain serotypes through the food chain.
食用或处理加工不当或烹饪不熟的猪肉被认为是食源性沙门氏菌病的主要源头之一，沙门氏菌病是全球常见的肠道疾病病因。无症状携带猪可能在屠宰时污染猪肉；因此，宰前降低沙门氏菌载量有助于降低公共卫生风险。多项研究评估了疫苗接种对控制猪场沙门氏菌的影响，但由于疫苗和接种方案的异质性，结果差异很大。在此，我们报告一项全面的系统评价和对同行评审科学文献的荟萃分析结果，以提供关于沙门氏菌疫苗接种潜在效果的最新知识。共识别出126篇描述在猪中使用沙门氏菌疫苗的文章，其中44篇符合纳入标准。大多数研究（36/44）使用活疫苗，鼠伤寒沙门氏菌和猪霍乱沙门氏菌是评估的主要血清型。疫苗效力最常通过细菌学分离来衡量，如有可用数据，通过阳性动物百分比的差异获得疫苗效力的合并估计值。减毒疫苗和灭活疫苗具有相似的效力[风险差异分别为-26.8%（-33.8，-19.71）和-29.5%（-44.4，-14.5）]。未观察到血清型对减毒疫苗效力的影响；然而，观察到灭活疫苗对猪霍乱沙门氏菌的效力更高，尽管样本量较小。此处的荟萃分析结果表明疫苗接种可能对猪场沙门氏菌的控制产生影响，并有助于设计方案以尽量减少某些血清型通过食物链传播的风险。
