Arowojolu M O, Oladapo O, Opeodu O I, Nwhator S O
Department of Periodontology & Community Dentistry College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Department of Preventive & Community Dentistry Faculty of Dentistry, Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
J West Afr Coll Surg. 2016 Apr-Jun;6(2):20-38.
Periodontal diseases have been reported to have a form of reciprocal relationship with the general systemic health, in which case those with some systemic diseases such as hypertension have poorer periodontal health and vice versa. The issue of causal or casual relationship is however yet to be finally resolved.
The aim of this study was to determine any possible relationship between chronic periodontitis and cardiovascular risk factors.
A cross-sectional assessment of cardiovascular risk factors such as blood pressure, body mass index, waist circumference and the carotid artery intima media thickness (CIMT) was done among 100 consecutive subjects in the echocardiogram unit of the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria over a period of six months. These cardiovascular risk factors were compared with periodontal parameters such as Simplified Oral Hygiene index (OHI-S), Gingival index (GI) and Community Periodontal Index (CPI).
The systolic blood pressure (SBP) of the respondents ranged from 98 - 210 mm Hg with a mean of 133.1 ± 15 mm Hg, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) 60 - 136 mm Hg with a mean of 84.6 ± 6.4 mm Hg. There was a statistically significant relationship between the systolic blood pressure and oral hygiene index (P< 0.000), diastolic blood pressure and oral hygiene index (P < 0.010) and mean carotid artery intima media thickness and oral hygiene index (P< 0.012) among the respondents.
In view of the significant relationship between the blood pressure and the mean carotid artery intima media thickness, when compared with the oral hygiene status of respondents in this study, more emphasis should be laid on regular preventive dental visit as a way of decreasing cardiovascular health risk.
据报道，牙周疾病与全身健康存在一种相互关系，即患有某些全身性疾病（如高血压）的人牙周健康状况较差，反之亦然。然而，因果关系问题尚未最终解决。
本研究的目的是确定慢性牙周炎与心血管危险因素之间是否存在任何可能的关系。
在尼日利亚伊巴丹大学学院医院超声心动图科，对连续100名受试者进行了为期六个月的横断面评估，评估心血管危险因素，如血压、体重指数、腰围和颈动脉内膜中层厚度（CIMT）。将这些心血管危险因素与牙周参数进行比较，如简化口腔卫生指数（OHI-S）、牙龈指数（GI）和社区牙周指数（CPI）。
受访者的收缩压（SBP）范围为98 - 210 mmHg，平均为133.1 ± 15 mmHg，舒张压（DBP）为60 - 136 mmHg，平均为84.6 ± 6.4 mmHg。受访者中，收缩压与口腔卫生指数之间存在统计学显著关系（P < 0.000），舒张压与口腔卫生指数之间存在统计学显著关系（P < 0.010），平均颈动脉内膜中层厚度与口腔卫生指数之间存在统计学显著关系（P < 0.012）。
鉴于血压与平均颈动脉内膜中层厚度之间的显著关系，与本研究中受访者的口腔卫生状况相比，应更加重视定期进行预防性牙科检查，以此作为降低心血管健康风险的一种方式。
