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动物模型对人类疫苗疗效的预测价值是什么?桥接研究和与物种无关的保护相关性的重要性。

What Is the Predictive Value of Animal Models for Vaccine Efficacy in Humans? The Importance of Bridging Studies and Species-Independent Correlates of Protection.

机构信息

Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993.

出版信息

Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2018 Apr 2;10(4):a028902. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a028902.

Abstract

Animal models have played a pivotal role in all stages of vaccine development. Their predictive value for vaccine effectiveness depends on the pathogen, the robustness of the animal challenge model, and the correlates of protection (if known). This article will cover key questions regarding bridging animal studies to efficacy trials in humans. Examples include human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine in which animal protection after vaccination with heterologous prototype virus-like particles (VLPs) predicted successful efficacy trials in humans, and a recent approval of anthrax vaccine in accordance with the "Animal Rule." The establishment of animal models predictive of vaccine effectiveness in humans has been fraught with difficulties with low success rate to date. Challenges facing the use of animal models for vaccine development against Ebola and HIV will be discussed.

摘要

动物模型在疫苗开发的各个阶段都发挥了关键作用。它们对疫苗有效性的预测价值取决于病原体、动物挑战模型的稳健性以及保护相关性(如果已知)。本文将涵盖将动物研究与人体功效试验联系起来的关键问题。例如,人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)疫苗,其中接种异源原型病毒样颗粒(VLPs)后的动物保护预测了人体功效试验的成功,以及最近根据“动物规则”批准了炭疽疫苗。建立能够预测人类疫苗有效性的动物模型一直充满困难,迄今为止成功率较低。本文将讨论在开发针对埃博拉病毒和艾滋病毒的疫苗时使用动物模型所面临的挑战。

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