Beccari Giovanni, Prodi Antonio, Tini Francesco, Bonciarelli Umberto, Onofri Andrea, Oueslati Souheib, Limayma Marwa, Covarelli Lorenzo
Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy.
Department of Agricultural Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Viale G. Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
Toxins (Basel). 2017 Mar 29;9(4):120. doi: 10.3390/toxins9040120.
In this study, conducted for three years on eleven malting barley varieties cultivated in central Italy, the incidence of different mycotoxigenic fungal genera, the identification of the species associated with the Head Blight (FHB) complex, and kernels contamination with deoxynivalenol (DON) and T-2 mycotoxins were determined. The influence of climatic conditions on infections and FHB complex composition was also investigated. species were always present in the three years and the high average and maximum temperatures during anthesis mainly favored their occurrence. The FHB complex was subject to changes during the three years and the main causal agents were , , and , which, even if constantly present, never represented the principal FHB agent. The relative incidence of species changed because of climatic conditions occurring during the seasons. The FHB complex was composed of many different species and some of them were associated with a specific variety and/or with specific weather parameters, indicating that the interaction between a certain plant genotype and climatic conditions may influence the presence of spp. causing infections. With regard to mycotoxin contamination, T-2 toxin, in some cases, was found in kernels at levels that exceeded EU recommended values.
在这项对意大利中部种植的11个麦芽大麦品种进行了三年的研究中，测定了不同产毒真菌属的发生率、与赤霉病（FHB）复合体相关的物种鉴定，以及脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）和T-2霉菌毒素对籽粒的污染情况。还研究了气候条件对感染和FHB复合体组成的影响。这些物种在这三年中一直存在，开花期的高平均温度和最高温度主要有利于它们的出现。FHB复合体在这三年中发生了变化，主要致病因子是 、 、 和 ，即使它们一直存在，但从未成为主要的FHB病原体。这些物种的相对发生率因季节出现的气候条件而改变。FHB复合体由许多不同的物种组成，其中一些与特定品种和/或特定天气参数相关，这表明特定植物基因型与气候条件之间的相互作用可能会影响引起感染的物种的存在。关于霉菌毒素污染，在某些情况下，在籽粒中发现的T-2毒素水平超过了欧盟推荐值。
