Orton E S, Rudd J J, Brown J K M
John Innes Centre Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7UH UK.
Rothamsted Research Harpenden AL5 2JQ UK.
Plant Pathol. 2017 Apr;66(3):450-459. doi: 10.1111/ppa.12633. Epub 2016 Nov 22.
, the causal agent of septoria tritici blotch, a serious foliar disease of wheat, is a necrotrophic pathogen that undergoes a long latent period. Emergence of insensitivity to fungicides, and pesticide reduction policies, mean there is a pressing need to understand septoria and control it through greater varietal resistance. and , the most common qualitative resistance genes in modern wheat cultivars, determine specific resistance to avirulent fungal genotypes following a gene-for-gene relationship. This study investigated compatible and incompatible interactions of wheat with using eight combinations of cultivars and isolates, with the aim of identifying molecular responses that could be used as markers for disease resistance during the early, symptomless phase of colonization. The accumulation of TaMPK3 was estimated using western blotting, and the expression of genes implicated in gene-for-gene interactions of plants with a wide range of other pathogens was measured by qRT-PCR during the presymptomatic stages of infection. Production of TaMPK3 and expression of most of the genes responded to inoculation with but varied considerably between experimental replicates. However, there was no significant difference between compatible and incompatible interactions in any of the responses tested. These results demonstrate that the molecular biology of the gene-for-gene interaction between wheat and is unlike that in many other plant diseases, indicate that environmental conditions may strongly influence early responses of wheat to infection by , and emphasize the importance of including both compatible and incompatible interactions when investigating the biology of this complex pathosystem.
小麦叶枯病菌是小麦一种严重叶部病害——小麦壳针孢叶斑病的病原体，是一种具有较长潜伏期的坏死营养型病原菌。对杀菌剂不敏感情况的出现以及农药减量政策，意味着迫切需要了解小麦壳针孢叶斑病并通过增强品种抗性来进行防治。小麦品种中最常见的定性抗性基因Sr2和Lr34决定了对无毒真菌基因型的特异性抗性，遵循基因对基因关系。本研究利用八个品种和分离株组合研究了小麦与小麦壳针孢叶斑病菌的亲和性和非亲和性互作，目的是鉴定在侵染早期无症状阶段可作为抗病性标记的分子反应。利用蛋白质免疫印迹法估计TaMPK3的积累量，并在感染无症状前期通过qRT-PCR测定与植物和多种其他病原体的基因对基因互作相关的基因表达。TaMPK3的产生和大多数基因的表达对接种小麦壳针孢叶斑病菌有反应，但在实验重复之间差异很大。然而，在测试的任何反应中，亲和性和非亲和性互作之间没有显著差异。这些结果表明，小麦与小麦壳针孢叶斑病菌之间基因对基因互作的分子生物学与许多其他植物病害不同，表明环境条件可能强烈影响小麦对小麦壳针孢叶斑病菌侵染的早期反应，并强调在研究这个复杂病理系统的生物学时纳入亲和性和非亲和性互作的重要性。
