Pasquereau Sébastien, Kumar Amit, Herbein Georges
Department of Virology, University of Franche-Comte, University of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté (UBFC), CHRU Besançon, UPRES EA4266 Pathogens & Inflammation/EPILAB, SFR FED 4234, F-25030 Besançon, France.
Viruses. 2017 Mar 30;9(4):64. doi: 10.3390/v9040064.
Several cellular functions such as apoptosis, cellular proliferation, inflammation, and immune regulation involve the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF)/TNF receptor (TNFR) pathway. Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) interacts with the TNF/TNFR pathway. The activation of the TNF/TNFR pathway impacts HIV-1 replication, and the TNF/TNFR pathway is the target of HIV-1 proteins. A hallmark of HIV-1 infection is immune activation and inflammation with increased levels of TNF in the plasma and the tissues. Therefore, the control of the TNF/TNFR pathway by new therapeutic approaches could participate in the control of immune activation and impact both viral replication and viral persistence. In this review, we will describe the intricate interplay between HIV-1 proteins and TNF/TNFR signaling and how TNF/TNFR activation modulates HIV-1 replication and discuss new therapeutic approaches, especially anti-TNF therapy, that could control this pathway and ultimately favor the clearance of infected cells to cure HIV-infected patients.
细胞凋亡、细胞增殖、炎症和免疫调节等多种细胞功能都涉及肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF）/TNF受体（TNFR）途径。人类免疫缺陷病毒1型（HIV-1）与TNF/TNFR途径相互作用。TNF/TNFR途径的激活会影响HIV-1复制，且TNF/TNFR途径是HIV-1蛋白的作用靶点。HIV-1感染的一个标志是免疫激活和炎症，血浆和组织中TNF水平升高。因此，通过新的治疗方法控制TNF/TNFR途径可能有助于控制免疫激活，并影响病毒复制和病毒持续性。在本综述中，我们将描述HIV-1蛋白与TNF/TNFR信号之间复杂的相互作用，以及TNF/TNFR激活如何调节HIV-1复制，并讨论新的治疗方法，特别是抗TNF治疗，其可以控制该途径并最终有助于清除感染细胞以治愈HIV感染患者。
