Department of Human Development and Family Science.
Department of Statistics and Department of Psychology, Iowa State University.
J Occup Health Psychol. 2018 Jul;23(3):350-360. doi: 10.1037/ocp0000084. Epub 2017 Mar 30.
Although the detrimental physical health effects of work insecurity have been noted in previous research, less is known about the mediating processes, such as anxiety symptoms, that link work insecurity to physical health. Even less research has explored these effects at specific life stages and how these effects may impact significant others, even though the impact of this stress may vary across the life course and the mutual influences between married partners may cause dyadic effects stemming from partners' work insecurity. To fill these gaps, the current study incorporates theories that emphasize the stress-work connection, such as stress appraisal theory (Lazarus, 1999) and resource conservation theory (Hobfoll, 1989), into a neurobiological stress-health perspective. This study uses a sample of 330 consistently married, dual-earner husbands and wives who provided data at multiple time points over a 10-year period from 1991 to 2001. Results from a model including growth curves of work insecurity and anxiety symptoms when respondents were in their early middle years and reports of physical illness in their later middle years generally supported the hypothesized model. Both the level and rate of change in work insecurity were related to the change in anxiety symptoms over time. Similarly, the level and rate of change in anxiety symptoms from 1991 to 1994 were linked to subsequent illness years later in 2001. There was only partial support for the existence of partner effects. Findings are discussed as they relate to previous research as well as policy and clinical implications. (PsycINFO Database Record
尽管先前的研究已经注意到工作不安全感对身体健康的不利影响，但对于将工作不安全感与身体健康联系起来的中介过程（如焦虑症状）知之甚少。对于这些影响在特定生命阶段的作用，以及这些影响如何影响重要他人，研究就更少了，尽管这种压力的影响可能因生命历程而异，并且已婚伴侣之间的相互影响可能会导致源于伴侣工作不安全感的双重影响。为了填补这些空白，本研究将强调压力与工作联系的理论（如应激评估理论（Lazarus，1999 年）和资源保护理论（Hobfoll，1989 年）纳入神经生物学应激-健康视角。本研究使用了一个由 330 对始终已婚、双职工的丈夫和妻子组成的样本，这些夫妇在 1991 年至 2001 年期间的 10 年时间内多次提供数据。当受访者处于中年早期时，包括工作不安全感和焦虑症状的增长曲线以及中年后期的身体疾病报告的模型结果，总体上支持了假设模型。工作不安全感的水平和变化率与焦虑症状随时间的变化有关。同样，1991 年至 1994 年期间焦虑症状的水平和变化率与 2001 年以后的患病年份有关。只有部分证据支持伴侣效应的存在。研究结果将结合先前的研究以及政策和临床意义进行讨论。
