Department of Psychological Science.
Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University.
J Fam Psychol. 2019 Jun;33(4):444-452. doi: 10.1037/fam0000506. Epub 2019 Feb 14.
Supportive work-family environments are associated with lower levels of perceived work-to-family interference (WFI; Kelly et al., 2014), but we know little about the mechanisms underlying this linkage. Nor is much known about the larger family contexts within which these processes take place, including crossover effects of spouses' work on one another's WFI (Westman, 2001). This study utilized longitudinal data collected in home interviews with dual-earner couples to examine mechanisms through which a supportive work-family environment has implications for employees' and their spouses' WFI-with a focus on work demands, specifically hours and pressure, as potential mediators. Participants were married heterosexual couples (N = 194 dyads) with at least two children living at home; reflecting the demographics of their communities, they were almost all white and working/middle class. In separate home interviews wives and husbands reported on their work-family environment, work demands (work hours; work pressure) and their work-to-family interference one year later. Results of an Actor-Partner Interdependence Mediation Model revealed that more supportive work-family environments predicted less WFI for both employees and their spouses. The mechanisms underlying this association, however, differed by employee gender and type of effect (spillover to the employee or crossover to the spouse). Work demands served as a mediator for wives' (but not husbands') spillover (but not crossover). Wives' supportive work-family environments, however, were associated with husbands working longer hours. Results suggest that supportive work-family environments may be particularly beneficial for dual-earner families. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
支持性的工作-家庭环境与感知到的工作-家庭干扰（WFI；Kelly 等人，2014）水平较低相关，但我们对这种联系的潜在机制知之甚少。我们也不太了解这些过程发生的更大的家庭环境，包括配偶工作对彼此 WFI 的交叉影响（Westman，2001）。本研究利用在双职工家庭的家庭访谈中收集的纵向数据，研究了支持性的工作-家庭环境对员工及其配偶的 WFI 产生影响的机制——重点关注工作需求，特别是工作时间和压力，作为潜在的中介。参与者是已婚异性恋夫妇（N = 194 对），家中至少有两个孩子；反映了他们社区的人口统计学特征，他们几乎都是白人，属于中产阶级。在单独的家庭访谈中，妻子和丈夫报告了他们的工作-家庭环境、工作需求（工作时间；工作压力）以及一年后他们的工作-家庭干扰情况。演员-伙伴相互依存中介模型的结果表明，更支持性的工作-家庭环境预测员工及其配偶的 WFI 更少。然而，这种关联的潜在机制因员工的性别和效应类型（员工的溢出效应或配偶的交叉效应）而异。工作需求是妻子（但不是丈夫）溢出效应（但不是交叉效应）的中介。然而，妻子支持性的工作-家庭环境与丈夫工作时间延长有关。结果表明，支持性的工作-家庭环境可能对双职工家庭特别有益。（PsycINFO 数据库记录（c）2019 APA，保留所有权利）。
