Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
Can J Diabetes. 2017 Aug;41(4):372-379. doi: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2016.11.009. Epub 2017 Mar 27.
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the carbohydrate intolerance that can occur in pregnancy. Genetic polymorphisms associated with type 2 diabetes could be considered as genetic determinants of GDM. The aim of this study was to examine the association between GCK, GCKR, FADS1, DGKB/TMEM195 and CDKAL1 gene polymorphisms and the development of gestational diabetes. These genetic polymorphisms are involved in glucose and lipid metabolism and are associated with increased risk for diabetes type 2.
This case-control study included 204 pregnant women with GDM and 207 pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance. The diagnosis of GDM was based on a 75-gram oral glucose tolerance test at 24 to 28 weeks' gestation.
There was a statistically significant association between FADS1 rs174550 gene polymorphism and GDM. Among women with GDM, a predominance of C-allele carriers (CC and TC genotypes) was observed (CC+TC vs. TT; p=0.00065; OR=1.97, 95% CI, 1.33 to 2.92), and this association remained significant after correction for multiple testing. In the case of the GCK rs1799884 polymorphism, there was a predominance of the T allele in women with GDM; however, this association reached only borderline statistical significance (p=0.08). Women with higher numbers of GCK rs1799884 T alleles more commonly required insulin treatment; likewise, the CDKAL1 rs10946398 CC genotype was associated with the need for insulin therapy. However, these associations do not pass the statistical significance threshold after correction for multiple testing.
The results of our study suggest an association between the rs174550 FADS1 polymorphism and GDM risk.
妊娠糖尿病（GDM）是指妊娠期可能出现的碳水化合物不耐受。与 2 型糖尿病相关的基因多态性可被视为 GDM 的遗传决定因素。本研究旨在探讨 GCK、GCKR、FADS1、DGKB/TMEM195 和 CDKAL1 基因多态性与妊娠期糖尿病发展之间的关系。这些遗传多态性参与葡萄糖和脂质代谢，并与 2 型糖尿病风险增加相关。
本病例对照研究纳入了 204 例 GDM 孕妇和 207 例糖耐量正常的孕妇。GDM 的诊断基于 24 至 28 周妊娠时的 75 克口服葡萄糖耐量试验。
FADS1 rs174550 基因多态性与 GDM 存在显著关联。在 GDM 患者中，C 等位基因携带者（CC 和 TC 基因型）占优势（CC+TC 与 TT；p=0.00065；OR=1.97，95%CI，1.33 至 2.92），且该关联在经过多重检验校正后仍具有统计学意义。对于 GCK rs1799884 多态性，GDM 患者中 T 等位基因占优势；然而，这种关联仅达到边缘统计学意义（p=0.08）。携带较多 GCK rs1799884 T 等位基因的女性更常需要胰岛素治疗；同样，CDKAL1 rs10946398 CC 基因型与胰岛素治疗需求相关。然而，这些关联在经过多重检验校正后未达到统计学意义阈值。
本研究结果提示 rs174550 FADS1 多态性与 GDM 风险相关。
