De Long Nicole E, Holloway Alison C
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2017 Mar 21;10:101-109. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S95296. eCollection 2017.
The global prevalence of obesity has been increasing at a staggering pace, with few indications of any decline, and is now one of the major public health challenges worldwide. While obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) have historically thought to be largely driven by increased caloric intake and lack of exercise, this is insufficient to account for the observed changes in disease trends. There is now increasing evidence to suggest that exposure to synthetic chemicals in our environment may also play a key role in the etiology and pathophysiology of metabolic diseases. Importantly, exposures occurring in early life (in utero and early childhood) may have a more profound effect on life-long risk of obesity and MetS. This narrative review explores the evidence linking early-life exposure to a suite of chemicals that are common contaminants associated with food production (pesticides; imidacloprid, chlorpyrifos, and glyphosate) and processing (acrylamide), in addition to chemicals ubiquitously found in our household goods (brominated flame retardants) and drinking water (heavy metals) and changes in key pathways important for the development of MetS and obesity.
全球肥胖症患病率一直在以惊人的速度上升，几乎没有下降的迹象，现已成为全球主要的公共卫生挑战之一。虽然肥胖症和代谢综合征（MetS）历来被认为主要是由热量摄入增加和缺乏运动所致，但这不足以解释所观察到的疾病趋势变化。现在越来越多的证据表明，接触环境中的合成化学物质可能在代谢性疾病的病因和病理生理学中也起着关键作用。重要的是，生命早期（子宫内和幼儿期）接触这些化学物质可能对肥胖症和代谢综合征的终生风险产生更深远的影响。这篇叙述性综述探讨了与生命早期接触一系列化学物质相关的证据，这些化学物质是与食品生产（农药；吡虫啉、毒死蜱和草甘膦）和加工（丙烯酰胺）相关的常见污染物，此外还有在我们的家居用品（溴化阻燃剂）和饮用水（重金属）中普遍存在的化学物质，以及对代谢综合征和肥胖症发展至关重要的关键途径的变化。
