Steffens Jochen, Steele Daniel, Guastavino Catherine
Technische Universität Berlin, Audio Communication Group, Einsteinufer 17c, 10587 Berlin, Germany.
McGill University, School of Information Studies and Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Music Media and Technology, 3661 Peel Street H3A 1X1, Montreal, Canada.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2017 Mar;141(3):1414. doi: 10.1121/1.4976627.
Soundscape research draws on both experiments conducted in laboratory settings and studies in the field to explore peoples' perception and understanding of their acoustic environments. One opportunity to combine the strength of both approaches is the so-called Experience Sampling Method (ESM). This method was used to investigate the influence of situational and person-related variables on soundscape evaluations. Further, the relationship between momentary and retrospective soundscape judgments was explored. In the course of the 7-day ESM study, 32 participants were prompted ten times per day by a smartphone application to evaluate their soundscape and report on situational factors. Additionally, they performed summary retrospective judgments evaluating the whole of each day and their whole week. Upon completion, an exit interview probed personality traits (e.g., Big Five, information processing styles). Results revealed that both situational and person-related factors significantly contributed to the judgments of three soundscape dimensions (pleasantness, eventfulness, familiarity). Retrospective judgments of soundscape pleasantness were not only the average of the momentary judgments, but were also affected by the peak moment, the linear trend of the experience, and a person's mood while performing the judgment. Hence, the study provides valuable insights into the complex structure of momentary and retrospective soundscape evaluations.
声景研究借鉴了实验室环境下进行的实验和实地研究，以探索人们对其声学环境的感知和理解。将这两种方法的优势结合起来的一个机会是所谓的经验抽样法（ESM）。该方法用于研究情境和个人相关变量对声景评价的影响。此外，还探讨了即时声景判断与回顾性声景判断之间的关系。在为期7天的经验抽样法研究过程中，一款智能手机应用程序每天提示32名参与者十次，让他们对自己的声景进行评价，并报告情境因素。此外，他们还进行了总结性回顾判断，对每一天和整个星期进行评价。研究结束后，通过一次离场访谈探究了个性特征（如大五人格、信息处理方式）。结果显示，情境因素和个人相关因素都对声景三个维度（愉悦度、丰富度、熟悉度）的判断有显著影响。声景愉悦度的回顾性判断不仅是即时判断的平均值，还受到峰值时刻、体验的线性趋势以及判断时个人情绪的影响。因此，该研究为即时和回顾性声景评价的复杂结构提供了有价值的见解。
