Lewis G, Kounali D-Z, Button K S, Duffy L, Wiles N J, Munafò M R, Harmer C J, Lewis G
Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK.
School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2017 May;135(5):489-498. doi: 10.1111/acps.12729. Epub 2017 Apr 4.
To test the association between recall for socially rewarding (positive) and/or socially critical (negative) information and depressive symptoms.
Cohort study of people who had visited UK primary care in the past year reporting depressive symptoms (N = 558, 69% female). Positive and negative recall was assessed at three time-points, 2 weeks apart, using a computerised task. Depressive symptoms were assessed at four time-points using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Analyses were conducted using multilevel models.
Concurrently we found evidence that, for every increase in two positive words recalled, depressive symptoms reduced by 0.6 (95% CI -1.0 to -0.2) BDI points. This association was not affected by adjustment for confounders. There was no evidence of an association between negative recall and depressive symptoms (-0.1, 95% CI -0.5 to 0.3). Longitudinally, we found more evidence that positive recall was associated with reduced depressive symptoms than vice versa.
People with more severe depressive symptoms recall less positive information, even if their recall of negative information is unaltered. Clinicians could put more emphasis on encouraging patients to recall positive, socially rewarding information, rather than trying to change negative interpretations of events that have already occurred.
检验对社交奖励性（积极）和/或社交批判性（消极）信息的回忆与抑郁症状之间的关联。
对过去一年中因抑郁症状就诊于英国初级保健机构的人群进行队列研究（N = 558，69%为女性）。使用计算机任务在三个时间点（间隔2周）评估积极和消极回忆。使用贝克抑郁量表（BDI）在四个时间点评估抑郁症状。采用多水平模型进行分析。
同时，我们发现有证据表明，每多回忆两个积极词汇，抑郁症状会降低0.6（95%置信区间 -1.0至 -0.2）BDI分。这种关联不受混杂因素调整的影响。没有证据表明消极回忆与抑郁症状之间存在关联（-0.1，95%置信区间 -0.5至0.3）。纵向来看，我们发现更多证据表明积极回忆与抑郁症状减轻相关，而非相反。
抑郁症状较严重的人回忆的积极信息较少，即便他们对消极信息的回忆未改变。临床医生可更着重鼓励患者回忆积极的、具有社交奖励性的信息，而非试图改变对已发生事件的消极解读。
