Maechler F, Geffers C, Schwab F, Peña Diaz L-A, Behnke M, Gastmeier P
Institut für Hygiene und Umweltmedizin, Nationales Referenzzentrum für die Surveillance von Nosokomialen Infektionen, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 27, 12203, Berlin, Deutschland.
Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed. 2017 Apr;112(3):186-191. doi: 10.1007/s00063-017-0272-2. Epub 2017 Apr 4.
The frequency of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) is increasing in Germany and worldwide.
Presentation of MDRO resistance rates and prevalence in Germany MATERIALS AND METHODS: Results from the Antibiotic Resistance Surveillance (ARS) and Hospital Infection Surveillance Systems (Krankenhausinfektions-Surveillance-Systems, KISS) and from recent prevalence surveys are presented.
MRSA-resistance rates and the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) have remained at a stable level over the last few years. In contrast, vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) and multidrug-resistant gramnegative (MRGN) bacteria have increased considerably. VRE prevalence has more than tripled in the past 5 years, and Escherichia coli resistant to third-generation cephalosporins, acylureidopenicillins, and fluoroquinolones increased by 43% in 2015 compared with the previous year.
New policies to control MDRO should focus on VRE and the heterogeneous group of MRGN bacteria. In the case of the latter, the different bacterial species' characteristics should be taken into consideration.
在德国及全球范围内，多重耐药菌（MDRO）的出现频率正在上升。
介绍德国MDRO的耐药率及流行情况
展示了抗生素耐药性监测（ARS）、医院感染监测系统（Krankenhausinfektions-Surveillance-Systems，KISS）以及近期患病率调查的结果。
在过去几年中，耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）的耐药率及流行率一直保持在稳定水平。相比之下，耐万古霉素肠球菌（VRE）和多重耐药革兰氏阴性菌（MRGN）显著增加。在过去5年中，VRE的流行率增长了两倍多，2015年对第三代头孢菌素、酰脲类青霉素和氟喹诺酮耐药的大肠杆菌与前一年相比增加了43%。
控制MDRO的新政策应聚焦于VRE和MRGN细菌这一异类群体。对于后者，应考虑不同细菌种类的特性。
