Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Straße 17, 17489 Greifswald, Germany.
Saint Petersburg Stat Chemical Pharmaceutical Academy, St. Prof. Popova, 14, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russia.
Molecules. 2022 Mar 31;27(7):2284. doi: 10.3390/molecules27072284.
In the search for alternative treatment options for infections with multi-resistant germs, traditionally used medicinal plants are currently being examined more intensively. In this study, the antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activities of 14 herbal drugs were investigated. Nine of the tested drugs were traditionally used in Europe for treatment of local infections. For comparison, another five drugs monographed in the European Pharmacopoeia were used. Additionally, the total tannin and flavonoid contents of all tested drugs were analyzed. HPLC fingerprints were recorded to obtain further insights into the components of the extracts. The aim of the study was to identify herbal drugs that might be useable for treatment of infectious diseases, even with multidrug resistant E. coli, and to correlate the antimicrobial activity with the total content of tannins and flavonoids. The agar diffusion test and anti-biofilm assay were used to evaluate the antimicrobial potential of different extracts from the plants. Colorimetric methods (from European Pharmacopeia) were used for determination of total tannins and flavonoids. The direct antimicrobial activity of most of the tested extracts was low to moderate. The anti-biofilm activity was found to be down to 10 µg mL−1 for some extracts. Tannin contents between 2.2% and 10.4% of dry weight and total flavonoid contents between 0.1% and 1.6% were found. Correlation analysis indicates that the antimicrobial and the anti-biofilm activity is significantly (p < 0.05) dependent on tannin content, but not on flavonoid content. The data analysis revealed that tannin-rich herbal drugs inhibit pathogens in different ways. Thus, some of the tested herbal drugs might be useable for local infections with multi-resistant biofilm-forming pathogens. For some of the tested drugs, this is the first report about anti-biofilm activity, as well as total tannin and flavonoid content.
在寻找针对多耐药菌感染的替代治疗方法的过程中，传统使用的药用植物目前正在被更深入地研究。在这项研究中，研究了 14 种草药的抗菌和抗生物膜活性。测试的九种药物在欧洲传统上用于治疗局部感染。为了进行比较，还使用了欧洲药典中收录的另外五种药物。此外，还分析了所有测试药物的总单宁和类黄酮含量。记录 HPLC 指纹图谱以进一步了解提取物的成分。该研究的目的是确定即使对多药耐药大肠杆菌也可用于治疗传染病的草药，并用总单宁和类黄酮含量来关联抗菌活性。琼脂扩散试验和抗生物膜试验用于评估植物不同提取物的抗菌潜力。比色法（来自欧洲药典）用于测定总单宁和类黄酮的含量。大多数测试提取物的直接抗菌活性为低至中度。一些提取物的抗生物膜活性低至 10 µg mL−1。发现单宁含量在干重的 2.2%到 10.4%之间，总类黄酮含量在 0.1%到 1.6%之间。相关分析表明，抗菌和抗生物膜活性与单宁含量显著相关（p < 0.05），但与类黄酮含量无关。数据分析表明，富含单宁的草药以不同的方式抑制病原体。因此，一些测试的草药可能可用于多耐药生物膜形成病原体的局部感染。对于一些测试的药物，这是关于抗生物膜活性以及总单宁和类黄酮含量的首次报道。
