Laboratory of Applied Bioacoustics, Technical University of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain.
FOI, Department of Underwater Research, Stockholm, Sweden.
Sci Rep. 2017 Apr 5;7:45899. doi: 10.1038/srep45899.
Recent findings on cephalopods in laboratory conditions showed that exposure to artificial noise had a direct consequence on the statocyst, sensory organs, which are responsible for their equilibrium and movements in the water column. The question remained about the contribution of the consequent near-field particle motion influence from the tank walls, to the triggering of the trauma. Offshore noise controlled exposure experiments (CEE) on common cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis), were conducted at three different depths and distances from the source and particle motion and sound pressure measurements were performed at each location. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed injuries in statocysts, which severity was quantified and found to be proportional to the distance to the transducer. These findings are the first evidence of cephalopods sensitivity to anthropogenic noise sources in their natural habitat. From the measured received power spectrum of the sweep, it was possible to determine that the animals were exposed at levels ranging from 139 to 142 dB re 1 μPa and from 139 to 141 dB re 1 μPa, at 1/3 octave bands centred at 315 Hz and 400 Hz, respectively. These results could therefore be considered a coherent threshold estimation of noise levels that can trigger acoustic trauma in cephalopods.
最近在实验室条件下对头足类动物的研究发现，暴露在人为噪声中会直接影响平衡和在水柱中运动的感觉器官——平衡囊。问题仍然是水箱壁产生的近场粒子运动的影响对创伤的触发的贡献。在三个不同的深度和距离的声源处，对普通乌贼（Sepia officinalis）进行了近海噪声控制暴露实验（CEE），并在每个位置进行了粒子运动和声压测量。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）显示平衡囊有损伤，其严重程度与距换能器的距离成正比。这些发现是头足类动物在其自然栖息地对人为噪声源敏感的第一个证据。从扫频的测量接收功率谱中，可以确定动物在分别以 315 Hz 和 400 Hz 为中心的 1/3 倍频带中，暴露在 139 到 142 dB re 1 μPa 和 139 到 141 dB re 1 μPa 的水平。因此，这些结果可以被认为是对可以引发头足类动物声创伤的噪声水平的一致的阈值估计。
