Kruczek Aleksandra, Puc Małgorzata, Wolski Tomasz
Faculty of Biology, Department of Botany and Nature Conservation, University of Szczecin, Poland.
Faculty of Biology, Department of Botany and Nature Conservation, University of Szczecin, Poland; Centre for Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland.
Ann Agric Environ Med. 2017 Mar 21;24(1):70-74. doi: 10.5604/12321966.1233895.
Among herbal plants, most cases of allergic reactions, like seasonal inflammation of nasal mucosa, conjunctivitis and pollen asthma, are related to the allergens from grass pollen. As the blossoming and pollination of rye is known to start the pollen season of grasses, information about the airborne rye pollen count permits alerting the people allergic to certain allergens contained in rye pollen. An important cause of allergy is also the pollen from wormwood, blossoming in late summer, as its two main allergens produce cross-reactions with many other plant allergens.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the risk of allergic reactions in persons with pollinosis on the basis of the pollen calendar, analysis of concentrations of pollen grains of grass and rye, and comparison of diurnal pattern of airborne pollen grain concentrations at two sites with different degrees of urbanisation (Gudowo in the country and the city of Szczecin) in 2012-2014.
The concentration of pollen was measured by the volume method. Length of the pollination season was determined by the method of 98%, assuming that the beginning and the end of the pollen season are the days on which 1% and 99% of the annual sum of pollen appeared.
The first pollen grains to appear in the air are those produced by rye, followed by those produced by grass and wormwood. The pollen seasons of grasses and wormwood started about one week earlier in Gudowo than in Szczecin, while the pollen season of rye started at almost the same time in the country and in the city. Airborne pollen counts of grasses, rye and wormwood were much higher in the country than in the city. The differences most probably result from the different floristic composition at these two sites and reflect the local contribution of the taxa studied in the country.
The risk of allergy caused by the pollen of the taxa analysed was much higher in Gudowo (in the country), than in Szczecin city.
在草本植物中，大多数过敏反应病例，如季节性鼻黏膜炎症、结膜炎和花粉性哮喘，都与草花粉中的过敏原有关。由于已知黑麦的开花和授粉标志着草类花粉季节的开始，有关空气中黑麦花粉数量的信息可以让对黑麦花粉中某些过敏原过敏的人得到警示。另一个重要的过敏原因是夏末开花的艾草花粉，因为其两种主要过敏原会与许多其他植物过敏原产生交叉反应。
本研究的目的是根据花粉日历、草类和黑麦花粉粒浓度分析，以及2012 - 2014年在两个城市化程度不同的地点（乡村的古多维和什切青市）空气中花粉粒浓度的日变化模式比较，评估花粉症患者发生过敏反应的风险。
采用体积法测量花粉浓度。授粉季节的长度采用98%法确定，假设花粉季节的开始和结束分别是花粉年总量出现1%和99%的日子。
空气中最早出现的花粉粒是黑麦产生的，其次是草类和艾草产生的。草类和艾草的花粉季节在古多维比在什切青大约早一周开始，而黑麦的花粉季节在乡村和城市几乎同时开始。乡村空气中草类、黑麦和艾草的花粉数量比城市高得多。这些差异很可能是由于这两个地点不同的植物区系组成造成的，反映了乡村所研究分类群的本地贡献。
在古多维（乡村），所分析分类群的花粉引起过敏的风险比什切青市高得多。
