Tang Chuan-Ho, Lin Ching-Yu, Lee Shu-Hui, Wang Wei-Hsien
National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Pingtung, Taiwan; Institute of Marine Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, National Dong Hwa University, Pingtung, Taiwan.
Institute of Environmental Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan.
Aquat Toxicol. 2017 Jun;187:72-81. doi: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.03.021. Epub 2017 Mar 31.
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (nZnOs) released from popular sunscreens used during marine recreation apparently endanger corals; however, the known biological effects are very limited. Membrane lipids constitute the basic structural element to create cell a dynamic structure according to the circumstance. Nano-specific effects have been shown to mechanically perturb the physical state of the lipid membrane, and the cells accommodating the actions of nZnOs can be involved in the alteration of the membrane lipid composition. To gain insight into the effects of nanoparticles on coral, glycerophosphocholine (GPC) profiling of the coral Seriatopora caliendrum exposed to nZnOs was performed in this study. Increasing lyso-GPCs, docosapentaenoic acid-possessing GPCs and docosahexaenoic acid-possessing GPCs and decreasing arachidonic acid-possessing GPCs were the predominant changes responded to nZnO exposure in the coral. A backfilling of polyunsaturated plasmanylcholines was observed in the coral exposed to nZnO levels over a threshold. These changes can be logically interpreted as an accommodation to nZnOs-induced mechanical disturbances in the cellular membrane based on the biophysical properties of the lipids. Moreover, the coral demonstrated a difference in the changes in lipid profiles between intra-colonial functionally differentiated polyps, indicating an initial membrane composition-dependent response. Based on the physicochemical properties and physiological functions of these changed lipids, some chronic biological effects can be incubated once the coral receives long-term exposure to nZnOs.
海洋休闲活动中使用的常见防晒霜释放出的氧化锌纳米颗粒（nZnOs）显然会危及珊瑚；然而，已知的生物学效应非常有限。膜脂是根据环境构建细胞动态结构的基本结构要素。纳米特异性效应已被证明会机械扰动脂质膜的物理状态，而承受nZnOs作用的细胞可能参与膜脂组成的改变。为深入了解纳米颗粒对珊瑚的影响，本研究对暴露于nZnOs的美丽鹿角珊瑚进行了甘油磷酸胆碱（GPC）分析。溶血GPC、含有二十二碳五烯酸的GPC和含有二十二碳六烯酸的GPC增加，以及含有花生四烯酸的GPC减少，是珊瑚对nZnO暴露的主要反应变化。在暴露于超过阈值水平的nZnO的珊瑚中观察到多不饱和质膜胆碱的回填。基于脂质的生物物理特性，这些变化可以合理地解释为对nZnOs诱导的细胞膜机械干扰的一种适应。此外，珊瑚在群体内功能分化的珊瑚虫之间的脂质谱变化上表现出差异，表明存在初始的膜组成依赖性反应。根据这些变化的脂质的物理化学性质和生理功能，一旦珊瑚长期暴露于nZnOs，可能会产生一些慢性生物学效应。
