National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Department of Biology, Pingtung 944, Taiwan; Institute of Marine Biology, National Dong Hwa University, Pingtung 944, Taiwan.
Institute of Environmental Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 100, Taiwan.
Sci Total Environ. 2018 Jun 15;627:571-578. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.276. Epub 2018 Feb 3.
Coral is commonly selected as a bioindicator of detecting a variety of adverse factors such as photosystem II herbicide Irgarol 1051, through measuring pan-type biomarkers. To improve the effectiveness of biomonitoring, omic technologies have recently been applied to model the systemic changes in an organism. Membrane lipids create a dynamic cell structure based on the physiological state, which offers a distinct lipid profile to specifically detect environmental threats and assess the associated health risk. To demonstrate the potential of a lipidomic methodology for biomonitoring, the glycerophosphocholine (GPC) profiles of the coral Seriatopora caliendrum were observed during 3 days of Irgarol (0.1-2.0 μg/L) exposure. The lipid profile variations were modeled based on the Irgarol dose and the coral photoinhibition levels to develop an excellent quantitative model. The predominant changes correlated with the photoinhibition, decreasing the lyso-GPCs and GPCs with lower unsaturated chains and increasing GPCs with highly polyunsaturated chains, can be related to the consequence of blocking the photosynthetic electron flow based on the associated physiological roles. Other dose-specific lipid changes led to the partial exchange of PC(O-16:0/20:5) for PC(16,0/20:5) as a first-line response to counteract the membrane opening caused by Irgarol. Increased levels of the GPCs with 20:4 or 22:6 chains, which can promote mitochondrial functionality, confirmed an elevated respiration level in the coral exposed to Irgarol levels of >0.5 μg/L. Notably, plasmanylcholines with 20:4 or 22:6 chains and phosphatidylcholines with 22:6 or 22:5 chains, which can alter their membrane material properties to mitigate organelle pre-swelling and swelling in different ways, formed in the coral exposed to the 0.5 and 2.0 μg/L Irgarol levels. Such coral adaptations further predict the health risks associated with altered physiological conditions. In this study, the lipidomic methodology is demonstrated as a potential tool for environmental monitoring and assessment.
珊瑚通常被选为检测各种不利因素的生物标志物，如光合系统 II 除草剂 Irgarol 1051，通过测量盘式生物标志物。为了提高生物监测的效果，最近应用了组学技术来模拟生物体的系统变化。膜脂根据生理状态创造了一个动态的细胞结构，提供了一个独特的脂质谱，专门用于检测环境威胁并评估相关的健康风险。为了展示脂质组学方法在生物监测中的潜力，在 Irgarol（0.1-2.0μg/L）暴露的 3 天内观察了珊瑚 Seriatopora caliendrum 的甘油磷酸胆碱 (GPC) 谱。根据 Irgarol 剂量和珊瑚光抑制水平对脂质谱变化进行建模，以开发出色的定量模型。与光抑制相关的主要变化，降低具有较低不饱和链的溶血甘油磷酸胆碱和 GPCs，并增加具有高度多不饱和链的 GPCs，可以与基于相关生理作用的阻断光合电子流的后果相关。其他剂量特异性脂质变化导致 PC(O-16:0/20:5) 部分交换为 PC(16,0/20:5)，作为对抗 Irgarol 引起的膜开口的第一线反应。GPC 水平升高，具有 20:4 或 22:6 链，可促进线粒体功能，证实暴露于 Irgarol 水平>0.5μg/L 的珊瑚呼吸水平升高。值得注意的是，具有 20:4 或 22:6 链的丙酰胆碱和具有 22:6 或 22:5 链的磷脂酰胆碱，可以改变它们的膜材料特性，以减轻细胞器预肿胀和肿胀以不同的方式，在暴露于 0.5 和 2.0μg/L Irgarol 水平的珊瑚中形成。这种珊瑚适应进一步预测与生理状况改变相关的健康风险。在这项研究中，脂质组学方法被证明是一种用于环境监测和评估的潜在工具。
