A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (FEB RAS), 17 Palchevskogo Street, Vladivostok, Russian Federation, 690041.
Sci Rep. 2021 Oct 28;11(1):21285. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-00876-5.
The cold-water gorgonian coral Paragorgia arborea is considered as a foundation species of deep-sea ecosystems in the northern Atlantic and Pacific oceans. To advance lipidomic studies of deep-sea corals, molecular species compositions of diacylglycerol ethers (DAGE), which are specific storage lipids of corals, and structural glycerophospholipids (GPL) including ethanolamine, choline, inositol and serine GPL (PE, PC, PI, and PS, respectively) were analyzed in P. arborea by HPLC and tandem mass spectrometry. In DAGE molecules, alkyl groups (16:0, 14:0, and 18:1), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), and monounsaturated FA are mainly substituted the glycerol moiety at position sn-1, sn-2, and sn-3, respectively. The ether form (1-O-alkyl-2-acyl) predominates in PE and PC, while PI is comprised of the 1,2-diacyl form. Both ether and diacyl forms were observed in PS. At position sn-2, C PUFA are mainly attached to PC, but C PUFA, soft coral chemotaxonomic markers, concentrate in PS, PI, and PE. A comparison of non-polar parts of molecules has shown that DAGE, ether PE, and ether PC can originate from one set of 1-O-alkyl-2-acyl-sn-glycerols. Ether PE may be converted to ether PS by the base-exchange reaction. A diacylglycerol unit generated from phosphatidic acid can be a precursor for diacyl PS, PC, and PI. Thus, a lipidomic approach has confirmed the difference in biosynthetic origins between ether and diacyl lipids of deep-sea gorgonians.
冷水柳珊瑚 Paragorgia arborea 被认为是北大西洋和北太平洋深海生态系统的基础物种。为了推进深海珊瑚的脂质组学研究，通过高效液相色谱和串联质谱分析了 P. arborea 中二酰基甘油醚（DAGE）和结构甘油磷脂（GPL）的分子种类组成，DAGE 是珊瑚的特异性储存脂质，GPL 包括乙醇胺、胆碱、肌醇和丝氨酸 GPL（PE、PC、PI 和 PS）。在 DAGE 分子中，烷基（16:0、14:0 和 18:1）、多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）和单不饱和 FA 主要取代甘油部分的 sn-1、sn-2 和 sn-3 位置。醚形式（1-O-烷基-2-酰基）在 PE 和 PC 中占优势，而 PI 由 1,2-二酰基形式组成。PS 中同时存在醚和二酰基形式。在 sn-2 位置，C PUFA 主要连接到 PC，但软珊瑚化学分类标记物 C PUFA 集中在 PS、PI 和 PE 中。对分子非极性部分的比较表明，DAGE、醚 PE 和醚 PC 可能来自一组 1-O-烷基-2-酰基-sn-甘油。醚 PE 可以通过碱基交换反应转化为醚 PS。来自磷脂酸的二酰甘油单元可以是二酰 PS、PC 和 PI 的前体。因此，脂质组学方法证实了深海柳珊瑚醚和二酰基脂质生物合成起源的差异。
