Department of Educational Studies, University of South Carolina, 129 Wardlaw, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
Dept of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, University of Maryland, 3942 Campus Drive, Suite 3304, College Park, MD, 20742-1131, USA.
J Youth Adolesc. 2017 Oct;46(10):2241-2253. doi: 10.1007/s10964-017-0671-y. Epub 2017 Apr 7.
Youth often hold group norms that perpetuate inequality. One way these norms can be changed is by challenging these norms by choosing to include new members into these groups who hold morally just norms. In the current study, children's and adolescents' inclusion decisions and social reasoning about challenging group norms through inclusion were investigated. The sample included 9-10 (children) and 13-14 year-olds (adolescents) (N = 673, 54.4% female). Participants supported including challengers into groups holding norms supporting relational aggression and unequal allocation of resources, but they were less likely to support including a challenger into a physically aggressive group. Age-related differences and gender differences were found: children and female participants were more likely to include challengers than were adolescents and male participants. The findings indicate that youth support including new members who would challenge morally questionable group norms, but that their support depends on the specific norm the group holds.
年轻人常常持有使不平等永久化的群体规范。改变这些规范的一种方法是通过选择将持有道德公正规范的新成员纳入这些群体来挑战这些规范。在当前的研究中，通过纳入来研究儿童和青少年的包容决策和关于挑战群体规范的社会推理。样本包括 9-10 岁（儿童）和 13-14 岁（青少年）（N=673，54.4%为女性）。参与者支持将挑战者纳入支持关系攻击和不平等资源分配的规范的群体中，但他们不太可能支持将挑战者纳入身体攻击群体中。发现了与年龄相关的差异和性别差异：儿童和女性参与者比青少年和男性参与者更有可能接纳挑战者。研究结果表明，年轻人支持接纳新成员，这些新成员将挑战道德上有问题的群体规范，但他们的支持取决于群体持有的具体规范。
