Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, 251 Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, China.
School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China.
BMC Ophthalmol. 2022 May 14;22(1):220. doi: 10.1186/s12886-022-02440-9.
The increase in the prevalence of myopia has become a matter of serious public health concern, and few studies to date have examined the ocular biometric parameters of myopia in young Chinese adults. This study aimed to investigate the longitudinal ocular biometric and refractive development of first-year university students and the influence of near work.
This study included 526 first-year university students from Tianjin Medical University (mean age, 18.34 years; 313 females and 213 males). From 2016 to 2018, participants underwent ocular biometry measurements and subjective refraction annually. Near-work activities such as the use of electronic devices, online games, reading, and writing as well as demographic data were recorded by questionnaires.
The prevalence of myopia in this population from 2016 to 2018 was 92.40%, 92.59%, and 92.97%, respectively. Importantly, the prevalence of high myopia increased significantly from 20.91% to 28.33% (P < .001). The spherical equivalent refraction was significantly more myopic by approximately - 0.38 D (from - 4.18 ± 2.44 to - 4.56 ± 2.57 D; P < .001) during the period. The axial length, central corneal thickness, and lens thickness became significantly different (all P < .05), and the axial length significantly increased by 0.12 mm during 2 years (P < .001). Using binary logistic regression analysis, the data indicated that spending more time on online games (odds ratio, 2.09; 95% confidence interval, 1.33-3.29) could speed up the progression of myopia (P < .05).
This study showed that the prevalence of high myopia continued to increase in undergraduate students over 2 years. Baseline myopia correlated with myopic shift, the time spent on online games, and parental myopia were significantly associated with an increase in myopia in these young adult populations.
近视患病率的增加已成为一个严重的公共卫生问题，迄今为止，很少有研究探讨中国年轻成年人的近视眼生物测量参数。本研究旨在调查一年级大学生的眼生物测量和屈光发育情况以及近距离工作的影响。
本研究纳入了来自天津医科大学的 526 名一年级大学生（平均年龄 18.34 岁；女性 313 名，男性 213 名）。在 2016 年至 2018 年期间，参与者每年接受眼生物测量和主观屈光检查。通过问卷调查记录近距离工作活动，如使用电子设备、网络游戏、阅读和写作，以及人口统计学数据。
该人群在 2016 年至 2018 年的近视患病率分别为 92.40%、92.59%和 92.97%。重要的是，高度近视的患病率从 20.91%显著增加到 28.33%（P<0.001）。等效球镜屈光度在这期间明显更近视，约为-0.38 D（从-4.18±2.44 至-4.56±2.57 D；P<0.001）。眼轴长度、中央角膜厚度和晶状体厚度均有显著差异（均 P<0.05），在 2 年内眼轴长度显著增加了 0.12 mm（P<0.001）。使用二元逻辑回归分析，数据表明花更多时间玩网络游戏（比值比，2.09；95%置信区间，1.33-3.29）会加速近视进展（P<0.05）。
本研究表明，在 2 年内，大学生的高度近视患病率持续增加。基线近视与近视漂移、玩网络游戏的时间以及父母近视均与这些年轻成年人的近视增加显著相关。
