Jerman Jenna, Frohwirth Lori, Kavanaugh Megan L, Blades Nakeisha
research, associate, Guttmacher Institute, New York.
senior research, associate Guttmacher Institute, New York.
Perspect Sex Reprod Health. 2017 Jun;49(2):95-102. doi: 10.1363/psrh.12024. Epub 2017 Apr 10.
Abortion availability and accessibility vary by state. Especially in areas where services are restricted or limited, some women travel to obtain abortion services in other states. Little is known about the experience of travel to obtain abortion.
In January and February 2015, in-depth interviews were conducted with 29 patients seeking abortion services at six facilities in Michigan and New Mexico. Eligible women were 18 or older, spoke English, and had traveled either across state lines or more than 100 miles within the state. Respondents were asked to describe their experience from pregnancy discovery to the day of the abortion procedure. Barriers to accessing abortion care and consequences of these barriers were identified through inductive and deductive analysis.
Respondents described 15 barriers to abortion care while traveling to obtain services, and three major consequences of experiencing those barriers. Barriers were grouped into five categories: travel-related logistical issues, system navigation issues, limited clinic options, financial issues, and state or clinic restrictions. Consequences were delays in care, negative mental health impacts and considering self-induction. The experience of barriers complicated the process of obtaining an abortion, but the effect of any individual barrier was unclear. Instead, the experience of multiple barriers appeared to have a compounding effect, resulting in negative consequences for women traveling for abortion.
The amalgamation of barriers to abortion care experienced simultaneously can have significant consequences for patients.
堕胎服务的可获得性和可及性因州而异。特别是在服务受到限制或有限的地区，一些妇女会前往其他州获取堕胎服务。对于为获取堕胎服务而旅行的经历，人们了解甚少。
2015年1月和2月，对在密歇根州和新墨西哥州六个机构寻求堕胎服务的29名患者进行了深入访谈。符合条件的女性年龄在18岁及以上，说英语，并且跨州旅行或在本州内旅行超过100英里。受访者被要求描述从发现怀孕到堕胎手术当天的经历。通过归纳和演绎分析确定了获得堕胎护理的障碍以及这些障碍的后果。
受访者描述了在前往获取服务的过程中遇到的15个堕胎护理障碍，以及遇到这些障碍的三个主要后果。障碍分为五类：与旅行相关的后勤问题、系统导航问题、诊所选择有限、财务问题以及州或诊所限制。后果包括护理延迟、对心理健康产生负面影响以及考虑自行引产。障碍的经历使堕胎过程变得复杂，但任何单个障碍的影响尚不清楚。相反，多种障碍的经历似乎具有叠加效应，对前往堕胎的女性产生负面影响。
同时经历的堕胎护理障碍的合并可能对患者产生重大后果。
