Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany.
German Social Accident Insurance, Institution for the Public Sector in North Rhine-Westphalia, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2017;1021:1-14. doi: 10.1007/5584_2017_25.
Waste collectors are exposed to a heterogeneous mixture of bioaerosols able to induce health effects. The study aim was to evaluate inflammatory processes in blood and in the respiratory tract via analysis of atopy and club cell secretory protein 16 (CC16) in serum, exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), and cellular and soluble mediators in nasal lavage fluid (NALF) and induced sputum (IS). Sixty nine current waste collectors (48% smokers) and 28 former waste collectors (25% smokers) were included in the cross-sectional study. In both groups, 63 and 64% of workers reported complaints of the eyes, nose and/or upper airways. Thirty two percent of the current and 25% of the former workers were classified as atopics. More atopics suffered from rhinitis and conjunctivitis than non-atopics (64% vs. 40% in current workers; 71% vs. 40% in former workers). CC16 values of present non-smokers were significantly higher compared to smokers. In total, FeNO values of 31 participants were lower than 10 ppb, 94% of them were smokers and 85% had respiratory symptoms of lower airways. Most of the IS biomarkers were significantly higher in smokers than in non-smokers. Non-smoking workers with respiratory symptoms of lower airways had slightly elevated mediator IS concentrations compared to asymptomatic non-smokers. We conclude that inflammatory changes in waste collectors are detectable in the content of IS biomarkers, exhaled NO, and serum CC16, which all are influenced by the smoking habit. No significant differences in biomarkers are detectable between current and former waste collectors.
拾荒者暴露于能够引起健康影响的异质生物气溶胶混合物中。本研究旨在通过分析血清中的过敏症和 16 型俱乐部细胞分泌蛋白（CC16）、呼出气一氧化氮（FeNO）以及鼻洗液（NALF）和诱导痰（IS）中的细胞和可溶性介质，来评估血液和呼吸道中的炎症过程。共有 69 名现任拾荒者（48%为吸烟者）和 28 名前任拾荒者（25%为吸烟者）参与了这项横断面研究。在这两组人群中，分别有 63%和 64%的工人报告了眼部、鼻部和/或上呼吸道的不适。32%的现任拾荒者和 25%的前任拾荒者被归类为过敏症患者。与非过敏症患者相比，更多的过敏症患者患有鼻炎和结膜炎（现任拾荒者中为 64%，而非过敏症患者中为 40%；前任拾荒者中为 71%，而非过敏症患者中为 40%）。目前非吸烟者的 CC16 值明显高于吸烟者。总共有 31 名参与者的 FeNO 值低于 10 ppb，其中 94%为吸烟者，85%有下呼吸道症状。与非吸烟者相比，吸烟者的 IS 生物标志物的大多数浓度都显著更高。与无症状的非吸烟者相比，有下呼吸道症状的非吸烟工人的 IS 介质浓度略高。我们的结论是，在 IS 生物标志物、呼出气 NO 和血清 CC16 的含量中可以检测到拾荒者的炎症变化，而这些变化都受到吸烟习惯的影响。在当前和前任拾荒者之间，生物标志物没有明显差异。
