Dressing Harald, Dölling Dieter, Hermann Dieter, Horten Barbara, Kruse Andreas, Schmitt Eric, Bannenberg Britta, Whittaker Konrad, Salize Hans-Joachim
Central Institute of Mental Health, University Heidelberg, J 5, 68159, Mannheim, Germany.
Institute of Criminology, University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Neuropsychiatr. 2017 Jun;31(2):45-55. doi: 10.1007/s40211-017-0223-4. Epub 2017 Apr 12.
Sexual violence against children remains a global public health problem. The health sector has an opportunity and responsibility to be part of the multisector collaboration to prevent and respond to sexual abuse of minors. The following article presents a critical analysis of hitherto published empirical studies that examine the extent and variety of sexual abuse of minors within the Catholic Church and other institutions. The analysis consists of 40 studies concerning the Catholic Church and 13 studies concerning other institutions not belonging to the Catholic Church. We report the characteristics of the offenders and the offenses. Furthermore, the devastating consequences for children abused by members of powerful institutions are discussed. Knowledge on the role of institutions in sexual abuse of minors and psychological distress following these experiences is necessary to point the way to improvements in prevention and intervention strategies. This literature review is part of a larger research project on the sexual abuse of minors in the context of the Catholic Church in Germany (MHG Study) that is conducted by an interdisciplinary team of psychologists, psychiatrists, criminologists, and sociologists and is funded by the German Bishops' Conference.
针对儿童的性暴力仍然是一个全球性的公共卫生问题。卫生部门有机会也有责任参与多部门合作，以预防和应对对未成年人的性虐待。以下文章对迄今为止发表的实证研究进行了批判性分析，这些研究考察了天主教会及其他机构内未成年人遭受性虐待的程度和种类。该分析包括40项关于天主教会的研究和13项关于不属于天主教会的其他机构的研究。我们报告了犯罪者及犯罪行为的特征。此外，还讨论了被权势机构成员虐待的儿童所遭受的毁灭性后果。了解机构在未成年人遭受性虐待中的作用以及这些经历后的心理困扰，对于指明预防和干预策略的改进方向至关重要。这篇文献综述是德国一个关于天主教会背景下未成年人遭受性虐待的大型研究项目（MHG研究）的一部分，该项目由心理学家、精神科医生、犯罪学家和社会学家组成的跨学科团队开展，并由德国主教会议资助。
