School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK.
Child and Adolescent Health Research Unit, School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK.
Eur J Public Health. 2017 Oct 1;27(5):835-839. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckx049.
Early sexual initiation and inadequate contraceptive use can place adolescents at increased risk of unplanned pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections. These behaviours are patterned by gender and may be linked to social inequalities. This paper examines trends in sexual initiation and contraceptive use by gender and family affluence for Scottish adolescents.
Cross-sectional data from four nationally representative survey cycles (2002, 2004, 2010, 2014) (n = 8895) (mean age = 15.57) were analysed. Logistic regressions examined the impact of survey year on sexual initiation, condom use and birth control pill (BCP) use at last sex; as well as any changes over time in association between family affluence and the three sexual behaviours. Analyses were stratified by gender.
Between 2002 and 2014, adolescent males and females became less likely to report having had sex. Low family affluence females were more likely to have had sex than high family affluence females, and this relationship did not change over time. Condom use at last sex was reported less by males since 2002, and by females since 2006. Low family affluence males and females were less likely to use condoms than high family affluence participants, and these relationships did not change over time. There were no effects of time or family affluence for BCP use.
There has been a reduction in the proportion of 15-year olds in Scotland who have ever had sex, but also a decrease in condom use for this group. Economic inequalities persist for sexual initiation and condom use.
早期的性开始和不适当的避孕措施会使青少年面临更高的意外怀孕和性传播感染的风险。这些行为受性别影响，可能与社会不平等有关。本文研究了苏格兰青少年的性别和家庭富裕程度对性开始和避孕措施的趋势。
对四个全国代表性调查周期（2002 年、2004 年、2010 年、2014 年）（n=8895）（平均年龄=15.57 岁）的横断面数据进行了分析。逻辑回归检验了调查年份对性开始、性保健时使用避孕套和避孕药的影响；以及家庭富裕程度与三种性行为之间的关联随时间的任何变化。分析按性别分层。
在 2002 年至 2014 年期间，青少年男性和女性报告发生性行为的可能性降低。低家庭富裕程度的女性比高家庭富裕程度的女性更有可能发生性行为，而且这种关系随着时间的推移没有变化。自 2002 年以来，男性报告的最后一次性行为中使用避孕套的比例较低，自 2006 年以来，女性报告的比例较低。低家庭富裕程度的男性和女性比高家庭富裕程度的参与者更不可能使用避孕套，而且这些关系随着时间的推移没有变化。时间或家庭富裕程度对避孕药的使用没有影响。
苏格兰 15 岁青少年中曾经发生性行为的比例有所下降，但该群体中避孕套的使用也有所减少。性开始和避孕套使用方面的经济不平等仍然存在。
