Ma Yuxia, Zhang Haipeng, Zhao Yuxin, Zhou Jianding, Yang Sixu, Zheng Xiaodong, Wang Shigong
College of Atmospheric Science, Key Laboratory of Semi-Arid Climate Change, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
College of Atmospheric Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2017 Jun;24(16):14071-14079. doi: 10.1007/s11356-017-8971-z. Epub 2017 Apr 13.
Controlling the confounding factors on cardiovascular diseases, such as long-time trend, calendar effect, and meteorological factors, a generalized additive model (GAM) was used to investigate the short-term effects of air pollutants (PM, SO, and NO) on daily cardiovascular admissions from March 1st to May 31st during 2007 to 2011 in Lanzhou, a heavily polluted city in western China. The influences of air pollutants were examined with different lag structures, and the potential effect modification by dust storm in spring was also investigated. Significant associations were found between air pollutants and hospital admissions for cardiovascular diseases both on dust event days and non-dust event days in spring. Air pollutants had lag effects on different age and gender groups. Relative risks (RRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) associated with a 10 μg/m increase were 1.14 (1.041.26) on lag1 for PM, 1.31 (1.211.51) on lag01 for SO, and 1.96 (1.49~2.57) on lag02 for NO on dust days. Stronger effects of air pollutants were observed for females and the elderly (≥60 years). Our analysis concluded that the effects of air pollutants on cardiovascular admissions on dust days were significantly stronger than non-dust days. The current study strengthens the evidence of effects of air pollution on health and dust-exacerbated cardiovascular admissions in Lanzhou.
为控制心血管疾病的混杂因素，如长期趋势、日历效应和气象因素，采用广义相加模型（GAM）研究了2007年至2011年3月1日至5月31日期间，中国西部污染严重的城市兰州空气中污染物（PM、SO和NO）对每日心血管疾病住院人数的短期影响。研究了不同滞后结构下空气污染物的影响，并探讨了春季沙尘暴对潜在效应的修正作用。研究发现，春季沙尘事件日和非沙尘事件日，空气污染物与心血管疾病住院人数之间均存在显著关联。空气污染物对不同年龄和性别的人群有滞后效应。在沙尘日，PM在滞后1天、SO在滞后01天、NO在滞后02天，每增加10μg/m的相对风险（RRs）及其95%置信区间（CIs）分别为1.14（1.041.26）、1.31（1.211.51）和1.96（1.49~2.57）。女性和老年人（≥60岁）受空气污染物的影响更强。我们的分析得出结论，沙尘日空气污染物对心血管疾病住院人数的影响明显强于非沙尘日。本研究进一步证明了空气污染对健康的影响以及沙尘加剧兰州心血管疾病住院人数的影响。
