de Mello Monteiro Carlos Bandeira, da Silva Talita Dias, de Abreu Luiz Carlos, Fregni Felipe, de Araujo Luciano Vieira, Ferreira Fernando Henrique Inocêncio Borba, Leone Claudio
School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, Av. Arlindo Béttio, 1000, Ermelino Matarazzo, São Paulo, 03828-000, Brazil.
School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
BMC Neurol. 2017 Apr 14;17(1):71. doi: 10.1186/s12883-017-0852-z.
Down syndrome (DS) has unique physical, motor and cognitive characteristics. Despite cognitive and motor difficulties, there is a possibility of intervention based on the knowledge of motor learning. However, it is important to study the motor learning process in individuals with DS during a virtual reality task to justify the use of virtual reality to organize intervention programs. The aim of this study was to analyze the motor learning process in individuals with DS during a virtual reality task.
A total of 40 individuals participated in this study, 20 of whom had DS (24 males and 8 females, mean age of 19 years, ranging between 14 and 30 yrs.) and 20 typically developing individuals (TD) who were matched by age and gender to the individuals with DS. To examine this issue, we used software that uses 3D images and reproduced a coincidence-timing task.
The results showed that all individuals improved performance in the virtual task, but the individuals with DS that started the task with worse performance showed higher difference from the beginning. Besides that, they were able to retain and transfer the performance with increase of speed of the task.
Individuals with DS are able to learn movements from virtual tasks, even though the movement time was higher compared to the TD individuals. The results showed that individuals with DS who started with low performance improved coincidence- timing task with virtual objects, but were less accurate than typically developing individuals.
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02719600 .
唐氏综合征（DS）具有独特的身体、运动和认知特征。尽管存在认知和运动方面的困难，但基于运动学习的知识进行干预是有可能的。然而，研究唐氏综合征患者在虚拟现实任务中的运动学习过程对于证明使用虚拟现实来组织干预计划的合理性很重要。本研究的目的是分析唐氏综合征患者在虚拟现实任务中的运动学习过程。
共有40人参与了本研究，其中20人患有唐氏综合征（24名男性和8名女性，平均年龄19岁，年龄范围在14至30岁之间），另外20名发育正常的个体（TD）在年龄和性别上与唐氏综合征患者相匹配。为了研究这个问题，我们使用了一种利用3D图像并再现同步计时任务的软件。
结果表明，所有个体在虚拟任务中的表现都有所改善，但开始任务时表现较差的唐氏综合征患者从一开始就表现出更大的差异。除此之外，随着任务速度的增加，他们能够保持并转移这种表现。
唐氏综合征患者能够从虚拟任务中学习动作，尽管与发育正常的个体相比，其动作时间更长。结果表明，开始时表现不佳的唐氏综合征患者在虚拟物体同步计时任务中有所改善，但不如发育正常的个体准确。
ClinicalTrials.gov标识符：NCT02719600 。
