Department of Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres, 31 98166 S.Agata, Messina, Italy.
Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress (NUCOX), University of Balearic Islands, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain; CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain.
Eur J Pharmacol. 2017 Jul 15;807:91-101. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.04.009. Epub 2017 Apr 13.
Platelets are small anucleated fragments derived from a megakaryocyte precursor. Platelets play a key role in many physiological functions especially in hemostasis and wound healing processes in order to maintain the integrity of the circulatory system. In addition, activated platelets release cytokines and chemokines which modulate the immune response and, in some cases of hyperactivation, they could be associated to the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds ubiquosly found in plants known to be potent antioxidants with positive effects against diverse diseases such as cancer, neurodegenerative or cardiovascular disease. It has been reported that some flavonoids possess anti-platelet aggregation effects though different pathways, being the inhibition of the arachidonic acid-based pathway the most representative mechanism of action. In the present review, the main sources of flavonoids, as well as their bioavailability and metabolism are summarized. Moreover, the available data about the anti-aggregation effects of flavonoids and the different mechanisms of action that has been proposed until now are also discussed.
血小板是从小巨核细胞前体衍生而来的无核碎片。血小板在许多生理功能中发挥着关键作用，特别是在止血和伤口愈合过程中，以维持循环系统的完整性。此外，活化的血小板释放细胞因子和趋化因子，调节免疫反应，在某些情况下过度激活时，它们可能与炎症性疾病的发病机制有关。类黄酮是广泛存在于植物中的多酚化合物，已知具有抗氧化作用，对多种疾病如癌症、神经退行性或心血管疾病有积极影响。据报道，一些类黄酮通过不同的途径具有抗血小板聚集作用，其中抑制花生四烯酸途径是最具代表性的作用机制。在本综述中，总结了类黄酮的主要来源、生物利用度和代谢。此外，还讨论了类黄酮的抗聚集作用以及迄今为止提出的不同作用机制的现有数据。
