Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan.
Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
Molecules. 2023 Sep 1;28(17):6403. doi: 10.3390/molecules28176403.
Fruits, vegetables, and other food items contain phytochemicals or secondary metabolites which may be considered non-essential nutrients but have medicinal importance. These dietary phytochemicals exhibit chemopreventive and therapeutic effects against numerous diseases. Polyphenols are secondary metabolites found in vegetables, fruits, and grains. These compounds exhibit several health benefits such as immune modulators, vasodilators, and antioxidants. This review focuses on recent studies on using dietary polyphenols to treat cardiovascular disorders, atherosclerosis, and vascular endothelium deficits. We focus on exploring the safety of highly effective polyphenols to ensure their maximum impact on cardiac abnormalities and discuss recent epidemiological evidence and intervention trials related to these properties. Kaempferol, quercetin, and resveratrol prevent oxidative stress by regulating proteins that induce oxidation in heart tissues. In addition, polyphenols modulate the tone of the endothelium of vessels by releasing nitric oxide (NO) and reducing low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation to prevent atherosclerosis. In cardiomyocytes, polyphenols suppress the expression of inflammatory markers and inhibit the production of inflammation markers to exert an anti-inflammatory response. Consequently, heart diseases such as strokes, hypertension, heart failure, and ischemic heart disease could be prevented by dietary polyphenols.
水果、蔬菜和其他食物含有植物化学物质或次生代谢物，这些物质可能被认为是非必需营养素，但具有药用价值。这些饮食中的植物化学物质具有预防癌症和治疗作用，可以对抗多种疾病。多酚是在蔬菜、水果和谷物中发现的次生代谢物。这些化合物具有多种健康益处，如免疫调节剂、血管扩张剂和抗氧化剂。本综述重点介绍了使用膳食多酚治疗心血管疾病、动脉粥样硬化和血管内皮功能障碍的最新研究。我们专注于探索高效多酚的安全性，以确保其对心脏异常的最大影响，并讨论与这些特性相关的最近的流行病学证据和干预试验。山奈酚、槲皮素和白藜芦醇通过调节诱导心脏组织氧化的蛋白质来预防氧化应激。此外，多酚通过释放一氧化氮 (NO) 和减少低密度脂蛋白 (LDL) 氧化来调节血管内皮的张力，从而预防动脉粥样硬化。在心肌细胞中，多酚抑制炎症标志物的表达，并抑制炎症标志物的产生，从而发挥抗炎作用。因此，膳食多酚可以预防心脏病，如中风、高血压、心力衰竭和缺血性心脏病。
