Reichert M, Bergmann S M, Hwang J, Buchholz R, Lindenberger C
Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Busan, Korea.
Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.
J Fish Dis. 2017 Oct;40(10):1441-1450. doi: 10.1111/jfd.12618. Epub 2017 Apr 19.
Although koi herpesvirus (KHV) has a history of causing severe economic losses in common carp and koi farms, there are still no treatments available on the market. Thus, the aim of this study was to test exopolysaccharides (EPS) for its antiviral activity against KHV, by monitoring inhibition and cytotoxic effects in common carp brain cells. These substances can be easily extracted from extracellular algae supernatant and were identified as groups of sulphated polysaccharides. In order to reach this aim, Arthrospira platensis, which is well known for its antiviral activity of intra- and extracellular compounds towards mammalian herpesviruses, was investigated as standard organism and compared to commercial antiviral drug, ganciclovir, which inhibits the viral DNA polymerization. The antiviral activity of polysaccharides of A. platensis against KHV was confirmed in vitro using qualitative assessment of KHV life cycle genes, and it was found by RT-PCR that EPS, applied at a concentration of >18 μg mL and a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 0.45 of KHV, suppressed the viral replication in common carp brain (CCB) cells even after 22 days post-infection, entirely. Further, this study presents first data indicating an enormous potential using polysaccharides as an additive for aquacultures to lower or hinder the spread of the KHV and koi herpesvirus disease (KHVD) in future.
尽管锦鲤疱疹病毒（KHV）在鲤鱼和锦鲤养殖场造成严重经济损失的情况由来已久，但市场上仍没有可用的治疗方法。因此，本研究的目的是通过监测鲤鱼脑细胞中的抑制作用和细胞毒性效应，测试胞外多糖（EPS）对KHV的抗病毒活性。这些物质可以很容易地从细胞外藻类上清液中提取出来，并且被鉴定为硫酸化多糖类。为了实现这一目标，以其细胞内和细胞外化合物对哺乳动物疱疹病毒具有抗病毒活性而闻名的钝顶螺旋藻被作为标准生物体进行研究，并与抑制病毒DNA聚合的商业抗病毒药物更昔洛韦进行比较。利用对KHV生命周期基因的定性评估，在体外证实了钝顶螺旋藻多糖对KHV的抗病毒活性，并且通过逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）发现，以>18μg/mL的浓度和0.45的感染复数（MOI）应用KHV时，即使在感染后22天，EPS仍能完全抑制鲤鱼脑（CCB）细胞中的病毒复制。此外，本研究首次提供的数据表明，未来使用多糖作为水产养殖添加剂以降低或阻碍KHV和锦鲤疱疹病毒病（KHVD）传播具有巨大潜力。
