Carlson Jordan A, Mitchell Tarrah B, Saelens Brian E, Staggs Vincent S, Kerr Jacqueline, Frank Lawrence D, Schipperijn Jasper, Conway Terry L, Glanz Karen, Chapman Jim E, Cain Kelli L, Sallis James F
Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, Children's Mercy Hospital, 610 E. 22nd St., Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA.
University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA.
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2017 Apr 20;14(1):50. doi: 10.1186/s12966-017-0507-x.
Youth are active in multiple locations, but it is unknown whether more physical activity in one location is associated with less in other locations. This cross-sectional study examines whether on days with more physical activity in a given location, relative to their typical activity in that location, youth had less activity in other locations (i.e., within-person associations/compensation).
Participants were 528 adolescents, ages 12 to 16 (M = 14.12, SD = 1.44, 50% boys, 70% White non-Hispanic). Accelerometer and Global Positioning System devices were used to measure the proportion of time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in five locations: home, home neighborhood, school, school neighborhood, and other locations. Mixed-effects regression was used to examine within-person associations of MVPA across locations and moderators of these associations.
Two of ten within-participant associations tested indicated small amounts of compensation, and one association indicated generalization across locations. Higher at-school MVPA (relative to the participant's average) was related to less at-home MVPA and other-location MVPA (Bs = -0.06 min/day). Higher home-neighborhood MVPA (relative to the participant's average) was related to more at-home MVPA (B = 0.07 min/day). Some models showed that compensation was more likely (or generalization less likely) in boys and non-whites or Hispanic youth.
Consistent evidence of compensation across locations was not observed. A small amount of compensation was observed for school physical activity, suggesting that adolescents partially compensated for high amounts of school activity by being less active in other locations. Conversely, home-neighborhood physical activity appeared to carry over into the home, indicating a generalization effect. Overall these findings suggest that increasing physical activity in one location is unlikely to result in meaningful decreases in other locations. Supporting physical activity across multiple locations is critical to increasing overall physical activity in youth.
青少年在多个场所都很活跃，但尚不清楚在一个场所进行更多的体育活动是否与在其他场所的活动减少有关。这项横断面研究调查了在给定场所，相对于其在该场所的典型活动，当某一天体育活动较多时，青少年在其他场所的活动是否较少（即个体内关联/补偿）。
参与者为528名12至16岁的青少年（平均年龄M = 14.12，标准差SD = 1.44，50%为男孩，70%为非西班牙裔白人）。使用加速度计和全球定位系统设备测量在五个场所进行中度至剧烈体育活动（MVPA）所花费的时间比例：家、家附近、学校、学校附近和其他场所。采用混合效应回归来研究不同场所间MVPA的个体内关联以及这些关联的调节因素。
在测试的十个个体内关联中，有两个显示出少量的补偿，一个关联显示出跨场所的泛化。在校MVPA较高（相对于参与者的平均水平）与在家MVPA和其他场所MVPA较少相关（回归系数Bs = -0.06分钟/天）。家附近MVPA较高（相对于参与者的平均水平）与在家MVPA较多相关（回归系数B = 0.07分钟/天）。一些模型表明，男孩以及非白人或西班牙裔青少年更有可能出现补偿（或泛化的可能性较小）。
未观察到跨场所补偿的一致证据。观察到学校体育活动有少量补偿，这表明青少年通过减少在其他场所的活动来部分补偿大量的学校活动。相反，家附近的体育活动似乎会延伸到家中，表明存在泛化效应。总体而言，这些发现表明在一个场所增加体育活动不太可能导致其他场所的活动有显著减少。支持在多个场所进行体育活动对于增加青少年的总体体育活动至关重要。
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