Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Georg-Brauchle-Ring 62, 80992 Munich, Germany.
Department of Sport Science and Sport, University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Gebbertstrasse 123b, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jan 30;18(3):1240. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18031240.
The aim of this systematic review was to examine where physical activity (PA) takes place and how much time children, adolescents and adults spend being physically active within the identified locations. A systematic literature search was carried out in five electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, PsycInfo, Scopus). For inclusion, primary studies had to identify locations of PA using device-based or self-report tools, whereas minutes of PA had to be examined using device-based tools only. Thirty-two studies were included, methodological quality and sex/gender sensitivity of the studies were assessed. The narrative data synthesis revealed that the highest average amount of daily moderate-to-vigorous PA was found in home and recreational locations, followed by school and neighborhood locations. In adults, highest average amount of daily moderate-to-vigorous PA was found in neighborhood and home locations followed by workplace and recreational locations. The majority of studies had a low risk of bias in four out of six domains; eight studies reported significant sex/gender differences in location-based PA. The results indicate that different locations are used for PA to a varying degree across the lifespan. Future research on the promotion of PA should focus on location-specific design features that encourage children, adolescents and adults to be physically active.
本系统评价的目的是调查儿童、青少年和成年人在哪些地点进行身体活动，以及在已确定的地点内他们花费多少时间进行身体活动。我们在五个电子数据库（PubMed、CINAHL、SPORTDiscus、PsycInfo、Scopus）中进行了系统文献检索。为了纳入研究，原始研究必须使用基于设备或自我报告的工具来识别身体活动的地点，而身体活动的分钟数则必须仅使用基于设备的工具进行检查。共纳入了 32 项研究，评估了研究的方法学质量和性别/性别敏感性。叙述性数据综合表明，在家中和娱乐场所发现的每日中等到剧烈身体活动的平均量最高，其次是在学校和社区场所。在成年人中，每日中等到剧烈身体活动的平均量最高的是社区和家庭场所，其次是工作场所和娱乐场所。大多数研究在六个领域中的四个领域存在低偏倚风险；八项研究报告了基于位置的身体活动方面存在显著的性别差异。研究结果表明，在整个生命周期中，不同的地点在身体活动中的使用程度不同。未来关于促进身体活动的研究应侧重于具有鼓励儿童、青少年和成年人进行身体活动的特定地点的设计特点。
