Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
BMJ Open. 2021 Jan 18;11(1):e046636. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046636.
Only international studies can provide the full variability of built environments and accurately estimate effect sizes of relations between contrasting environments and health-related outcomes. The aims of the International Physical Activity and Environment Study of Adolescents (IPEN Adolescent) are to estimate the strength, shape and generalisability of associations of the community environment (geographic information systems (GIS)-based and self-reported) with physical activity and sedentary behaviour (accelerometer-measured and self-reported) and weight status (normal/overweight/obese).
The IPEN Adolescent observational, cross-sectional, multicountry study involves recruiting adolescent participants (ages 11-19 years) and one parent/guardian from neighbourhoods selected to ensure wide variations in walkability and socioeconomic status using common protocols and measures. Fifteen geographically, economically and culturally diverse countries, from six continents, participated: Australia, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, Czech Republic, Denmark, Hong Kong SAR, India, Israel, Malaysia, New Zealand, Nigeria, Portugal, Spain and USA. Countries provided survey and accelerometer data (15 countries), GIS data (11), global positioning system data (10), and pedestrian environment audit data (8). A sample of n=6950 (52.6% female; mean age=14.5, SD=1.7) adolescents provided survey data, n=4852 had 4 or more 8+ hours valid days of accelerometer data, and n=5473 had GIS measures. Physical activity and sedentary behaviour were measured by waist-worn ActiGraph accelerometers and self-reports, and body mass index was used to categorise weight status.
Ethical approval was received from each study site's Institutional Review Board for their in-country studies. Informed assent by adolescents and consent by parents was obtained for all participants. No personally identifiable information was transferred to the IPEN coordinating centre for pooled datasets. Results will be communicated through standard scientific channels and findings used to advance the science of environmental correlates of physical activity, sedentary behaviour and weight status, with the ultimate goal to stimulate and guide actions to create more activity-supportive environments internationally.
只有国际研究才能提供完整的环境变化，并准确估计对比环境与健康相关结果之间关系的效应大小。青少年国际体力活动与环境研究（IPEN 青少年）的目的是估计社区环境（基于地理信息系统（GIS）和自我报告）与体力活动和久坐行为（加速度计测量和自我报告）以及体重状况（正常/超重/肥胖）之间关联的强度、形状和普遍性。
IPEN 青少年是一项观察性、横断面、多国家研究，涉及招募年龄在 11-19 岁的青少年参与者和一名来自社区的父母/监护人，这些社区是通过使用共同的协议和措施选择的，以确保步行能力和社会经济地位的广泛变化。来自六大洲的 15 个地理、经济和文化多样化的国家参与了这项研究：澳大利亚、孟加拉国、比利时、巴西、捷克共和国、丹麦、中国香港特别行政区、印度、以色列、马来西亚、新西兰、尼日利亚、葡萄牙、西班牙和美国。各国提供了调查和加速度计数据（15 个国家）、GIS 数据（11 个）、全球定位系统数据（10 个）和行人环境审计数据（8 个）。共有 n=6950 名（52.6%为女性；平均年龄=14.5，标准差=1.7）青少年提供了调查数据，n=4852 名青少年有 4 天或以上 8 小时以上的有效加速度计数据，n=5473 名青少年有 GIS 测量数据。体力活动和久坐行为通过佩戴在腰部的 ActiGraph 加速度计和自我报告进行测量，体重指数用于分类体重状况。
每个国家的研究机构都对其国内研究进行了伦理审查，并获得了批准。所有参与者都获得了青少年的知情同意和父母的同意。没有个人身份信息被转移到 IPEN 协调中心进行合并数据集。研究结果将通过标准科学渠道进行沟通，并利用研究结果推进环境与体力活动、久坐行为和体重状况相关性的科学研究，最终目标是在国际上激发和指导创建更多支持体力活动的环境的行动。
