University of Deusto, Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain.
International University of la Rioja, Logroño, La Rioja, Spain.
J Youth Adolesc. 2018 Mar;47(3):650-660. doi: 10.1007/s10964-017-0677-5. Epub 2017 Apr 22.
Bullying victimization in adolescence is a significant social problem that can become persistent over time for some victims. However, there is an overall paucity of research examining the factors that contribute to continued bullying victimization. Schema therapy proposes a model that can help us understand why bullying victimization can be persistent for some victims. This study examines the role of maladaptive schemas, the key concept in schema therapy, as a mechanism of continued bullying victimization. The hypothesis was that maladaptive schemas of rejection mediate the predictive association between victimization in both the family and at school and future bullying victimization. Social anxiety was also considered, as previous research suggests that it can increase the risk of victimization. The participants were 1328 adolescents (45% female) with a mean age of 15.05 years (SD = 1.37), who completed questionnaires at three time points with a 6-month interval between them. Time 2 maladaptive schemas of rejection significantly mediated the predictive association from Time 1 bullying victimization, family abuse and social anxiety to Time 3 bullying victimization. The findings pertaining to potentially malleable factors, such as maladaptive schemas that maintain continued interpersonal victimization, have important implications for prevention and treatment strategies with adolescents.
青少年时期遭受欺凌是一个严重的社会问题，对于一些受害者来说，这种情况可能会持续存在。然而，目前总体上缺乏研究来探讨导致持续欺凌受害的因素。图式治疗提出了一个可以帮助我们理解为什么欺凌受害对一些受害者来说是持续存在的模型。本研究考察了适应不良图式作为持续欺凌受害机制的作用，适应不良图式是图式治疗的关键概念。假设是，拒绝的适应不良图式在家庭和学校中受害与未来的欺凌受害之间具有预测关联。还考虑了社交焦虑，因为先前的研究表明它会增加受害的风险。参与者为 1328 名青少年（45%为女性），平均年龄为 15.05 岁（SD=1.37），他们在三个时间点完成了问卷，每个时间点之间间隔 6 个月。时间 2 的拒绝适应不良图式显著中介了时间 1 的欺凌受害、家庭虐待和社交焦虑与时间 3 的欺凌受害之间的预测关联。这些发现与可能具有可塑性的因素有关，例如维持持续人际受害的适应不良图式，对预防和治疗青少年的策略具有重要意义。
