Hyland Carly, Laribi Ouahiba
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, CalEPA, Oakland, CA, USA.
Environ Res. 2017 Jul;156:559-570. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.04.017. Epub 2017 Apr 26.
Children of farmworkers may be chronically exposed to pesticides via the take-home exposure pathway.
The goal of this review was to analyze scientific literature evaluating the role of the take-home pesticide exposure pathway in children of agricultural workers.
A systematic review was undertaken and inclusion criteria were applied to identify original articles of interest. Of the 30 articles included in this review, some belonged to the same studies, resulting in a total of 23 studies. Eight studies assessed environmental samples, nine collected biological samples, and the remaining six analyzed both. Eleven studies compared pesticide levels between farm and non-farm families.
There is convincing evidence that children of farmworkers are exposed to pesticides at higher levels than "non-agricultural" children, even when residing in the same agricultural communities. These levels were shown to depend on the season, occupation, number of farmworkers per home, and type of crops. Other factors such as age, gender and, sex seem to also influence this pathway. Some studies have shown that pesticides used solely in agriculture are found only in households of farmworkers spraying these pesticides. Moreover, intervention studies have shown that behaviors among farmworkers can significantly lower exposure of people living in the same households as farmworkers.
The evidence presented here raises concerns regarding health effects associated with exposure to pesticides in children living in agricultural communities, and indicates that strategies should be developed to reduce exposures in these populations.
农场工人的子女可能通过带回家的暴露途径长期接触农药。
本综述的目的是分析评估带回家的农药暴露途径在农业工人子女中作用的科学文献。
进行了系统综述，并应用纳入标准来识别感兴趣的原始文章。在本综述纳入的30篇文章中，有些属于同一研究，因此总共为23项研究。八项研究评估了环境样本，九项收集了生物样本，其余六项则对两者进行了分析。十一项研究比较了农场家庭和非农场家庭之间的农药水平。
有令人信服的证据表明，即使居住在同一农业社区，农场工人的子女接触农药的水平也高于“非农业”儿童。这些水平显示取决于季节、职业、每户农场工人数量和作物类型。其他因素，如年龄、性别和性别，似乎也会影响这一途径。一些研究表明，仅用于农业的农药只在喷洒这些农药的农场工人家庭中发现。此外，干预研究表明，农场工人的行为可以显著降低与农场工人同住一户的人的暴露水平。
此处提供的证据引发了对农业社区儿童接触农药相关健康影响的担忧，并表明应制定策略以减少这些人群的暴露。
